Unit 4 mcq psych Flashcards
outgroup homogeneity bias
others in their groups are more similar to each other, assumed diversity in our own group
social loafing
people in a group exert less effort than alone
Ventromedial hypothalamus
when stimulated: stop eating
when destroyed: eat ravenously
deindividuation
loss of self-awareness and self restraint occurring in group situations that foster anonymity and arousal. (online commenting)
attribution theory
we can credit or blame the behavior to the person’s internal stable (dispositional), or we can attribute it to the situation (situational)
social trap
conflicting parties - by pursuing their self-interest rather than the good of the group > become caught in mutually destructive behavior
drive reduction theory
physiological drives - homeostasis
mere exposure effect
repeated exposure to novel stimuli, increase liking of it
lateral hypothalamus
when stimulated: eat ravenously
when destroyed: stop eating
door in the face
denies larger request > comply later with small request
Self-Serving Bias
The tendency to attribute one’s successes to internal factors and failures to external factors.
self determination theory
competence, autonomy, relatedness
social contagion
if someone checks their phone, you’ll check it too. Responding to normative social influence.
barnum effect
tendency of individuals to accept vague descriptions of personality as accurate (ex: horoscopes)
fundamental attribution error
The tendency to attribute others’ behavior to internal characteristics (dispositional factors) rather than considering external situational influences
central route persuasion
influenced by arguments and respond with favorable thoughts (content)
mirror image perceptions
“I’m/we’re ethical, you’re aggressive”
foot in the door
agree with something small > later comply with larger request
actor observer bias
people’s tendency to cut themselves more slack than they would others
social facilitation
improved performance on well-learned tasks with audience (home field advantage)
sensation seeking theory
seek out level of stimuli most comfortable
group polarization
how we change our answers to the more extreme when with other people
reducing conflict needs what?
contact, cooperation, communication then conciliation
false consensus effect
overestimate how much others agree with us
halo effect, horn effect
one good thing = ENTIRELY good,
one bad thing = ENTIRELY bad
relative deprivation
watching other people struggle makes us feel better
yerkes-dodson
moderate arousal leads to optimal performance
social responsibility norm
we should help those who cannot give what they receive. Even if the costs outweigh the benefits
diffusion of responsibility
an individual assumes they are not responsible for taking action or that others have already done so. (bystander)
ingroup bias
favoring of our own group
peripheral route persuasion
being influenced by incidental cues (think influencers)
social reciprocity norm
expectation people will help not hurt those who have helped them (return the favor)
just-world hypotheses
cognitive bias, people get what they deserve
cognitive dissonance
we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts, or our thoughts and behaviors are inconsistent, change belief or behavior?
