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Zoology > Unit 4 exam study > Flashcards

Unit 4 exam study Flashcards

1
Q

Phylum Arthropoda

A

Jointed feet, exoskeleton; largest animal phylum

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2
Q

Hemocoel

A

The functional part of an open circulatory system that serves as the “blood cavity”

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3
Q

Myriapoda

A

Members of this subphylum all have a head and multi-segmented trunk, with one pair of antennae and one pair of mandibles on their head; included millipedes and centipedes

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4
Q

Hexapoda

A

Subphylum of insects

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5
Q

Chelicerata

A

Subphylum that includes arthropods with fangs or pincers

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6
Q

Crustacea

A

Subphylum which contains lobsters, shrimp, crabs, barnacles, and copepods

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7
Q

Trilobita

A

All forms of subphylum ____________ are extinct

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8
Q

Mandible

A

Lower jaw or jawbone; present in all subphylums but Chelicerata

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9
Q

Chelicerae

A

First pair of appendages; located near the mouth, often modified into pincers or fangs

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10
Q

Chitin

A

Complex carbohydrate that makes found in the external skeletons of arthropods

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11
Q

Molt

A

To shed an old outer covering so that it can be replaced with a new one

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12
Q

Ecdysis

A

Periodic shedding of the cuticle in arthropods or the outer skin in reptiles

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13
Q

Tagmata; tagma

A

Prominent body regions in arthropods such as the head, thorax, and abdomen in insects

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14
Q

Metamorphosis

A

A complete change or transformer

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15
Q

Telson

A

The unpaired, terminal abdominal segment of crustaceans; the 7th segment of the abdomen; triangular-shaped

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16
Q

Gnathobases

A

Hard bristles found on the base of walking legs that grind food and force it into the mouth

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17
Q

Pedipalp

A

Each of the second pair of appendages attached to the cephalothorax of most arachnids and horseshoe crabs. They are variously specialized as pincers in scorpions, sensory organs in spiders, and locomotory organs in horseshoe crabs

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18
Q

Operculum

A

Gill covering

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19
Q

Chilarium

A

One of a pair of anatomical processes between the bases of the last pair of walking legs

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20
Q

Lamellae

A

Leaf-like arrangement of gills; book gills

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21
Q

Hemocyanin

A

A type of respiratory pigment that uses copper as its oxygen-binding component. Hemocyanin is found in the hemolymph of arthropods and many mollusks

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22
Q

Trilobite larvae

A

Free-swimming larvae of limulus (horseshoe crabs)

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23
Q

Brachiostegites

A

The extended part of the carapace forming one wall of the gill chamber in crustaceans

24
Q

Maxillipeds

A

“Jaws” that hold food; used for food-getting in crayfish

25
Q

Swimmerets (pleopods)

A

One of a series of small unspecialized appendages under the abdomen of many crustaceans that are best developed in some decapods (as a lobster) and usually function in locomotion or reproduction

26
Q

Serial homology

A

When similar structures evolve from the same primitive structure; or example: crayfish, cheliped (claws), pereiopods (walking limbs), pleopods (swimming limb), and uropods (2 fins on tail) all evolved from the primitive biramous appendage

27
Q

Hepatopancreas

A

One or more pairs of glandular appendages that make up the midgut and contain digestive enzymes

28
Q

Crustaceans

A

Segmented body with variable number of appendages and have gills; Crab shrimp, lobster, crayfish, and barnacles; subphylum

29
Q

Maxillae

A

One of the head appendages in arthropods

30
Q

Cephalothorax

A

Region of a crustacean formed by the fusion of the head with the thorax

31
Q

Rostrum

A

A snout-like projection of the head

32
Q

Pericardial sinus

A

Cavity that surrounds the heart of the crayfish

33
Q

Hexapods

A

Insects - 3 body regions (head: antennae, mandibles; thorax: 3 pairs of walking legs; abdomen: no appendages), most abundant and diverse, herbivores, detrivores, fluid drinkers, predators, scavengers, parasites

34
Q

Uniramous

A

Unbranched appendages

35
Q

Entomology

A

The scientific study of insects

36
Q

Scelrites

A

The exoskeleton formed by a complex system of plates of insects

37
Q

Malphigian tubules

A

Blind tubules opening into the hindgut of most insects and functioning primarily as excretory organs

38
Q

Ocelli

A

Behind the antennae, in front of the compound eye; the simple eyes; detects the presence of light and what is its intensity, they don’t help in viewing things

39
Q

Labrum

A

An upper or anterior mouthpart of an arthropod consisting of a single median piece in front of or above the mandibles

40
Q

Spiracles

A

Openings in the exoskeleton of arthropods, such as the grasshopper, that connect to internal cavities called hemocoels where respiratory gases are exchanged

41
Q

Biramous

A

Consisting of or having two branches, as the appendages of an arthropod

42
Q

Jointed appendages

A

Feature characteristic of arthropods, proving points of attachment for muscle

43
Q

Metamerism

A

Concept of developing the body from many similar repeating segments

44
Q

Triploblastic

A

Having 3 cell layers: Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

45
Q

True coelom

A

A body cavity completely lined with tissue derived from mesoderm

46
Q

Bilateral symmetry

A

Body plan in which only a single, imaginary line can divide the body into 2 equal halves

47
Q

Cephalization

A

Concentration of sense organs and nerve cells at the front of an animal’s body

48
Q

Organ system level of organization

A

The level of organization that considers the 11 systems of they body

49
Q

Exoskeleton

A

A body covering, typically made of chitin, that provides support and protection

50
Q

Tracheal system

A

A gas exchange system of branched, chitin-lined tubes that infiltrate the body and carry oxygen directly to cells

51
Q

Hemolymph

A

In invertebrates with an open circulatory system, the body fluid that bathes tissues

52
Q

Telson

A

Located in the middle of the uropod. Bears the anus and makes up the tail fan which helps it move backwards and forwards; used to right crab when accidentally overturned

53
Q

Arthropod Subphylums

A

Crustacea, Chelicerates, Myriapods, Hexapods

54
Q

Examples of Tagmas

A

Cephalothorax, Abdomen, Head, Thorax

55
Q

Hexapod Tagma

A

Head-Thorax-Abdomen

Zoology (4 decks)

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