unit 4: demographics & changing opulations

Question 1

Clustered distribution

Answer 1

Grouping of settlements around a centre or nucleus

Question 2

Scattered distribution

Answer 2

Scattered settlements over a large area. Often occurs in rural areas

Question 3

Linear distribution

Answer 3

Grouping of settlements in a line. Usually along transportation networks, rivers, borders

Question 4

Population density

Answer 4

Number of people living in an area in relation to the size of that area.
(# of people / occupied area = population density)

Question 5

Population distribution

Answer 5

The patterns in which people live and spread across a defined area.

Question 6

High birth rate factors

Answer 6

• Lack of access to education & employment
• Availability of contraceptives
• Cultural norms
  (Wide pyramid base=high birth rate)

Question 7

High death rate factors

Answer 7

• Aging population
• Disease
• Poor access to healthcare
• Violence & crime (wars)
  (Narrow pyramid=high death rate)

Question 8

Low birth rate factors

Answer 8

• Government policies (one-child policy)
• Education & employment for women
• Economic factors (cost of raising kids)
  **Causes labor shortages & aging populations
  (low birth rate=narrow base)

Question 9

Low death rate factors

Answer 9

• Access to quality healthcare
• Sanitary environments
  (wide pyramid=low death rate)

Question 10

Census

Answer 10

• Happens every 5 years
• Collect demographic & statistical data
• Purpose is to compile information on the Canadian population
• Mandatory to complete

Question 11

Short-form census

Answer 11

• Sent to every household
• 10 basic questions (who, age, gender, etc.)

Question 12

Long-form census

Answer 12

• Sent to 1 in 4 households
• 64 questions

Question 13

Dependency load

Answer 13

Portion of a population that is not in the labor force and relies on the working-age population for support (under 15 & above 65).

Question 14

Indigenous population issues

Answer 14

• 81% of Indigenous women in the child welfare system were sexually assaulted
• Many missing/killed Indigenous women

Question 15

Where do the Indigenous population live?

Answer 15

Reserves: About half the Indigenous population in Canada lives on reserves.
Urban areas: Includes Toronto, Winnipeg

Question 16

Residential schools

Answer 16

The purpose was to assimilate Indigenous children into Euro-Canadian culture.

Caused generational trauma.

Question 17

Reserve

Answer 17

Land set aside by the government for the use and benefit of a specific Indigenous groups.

Constantly has water advisories.

Question 18

Treaty

Answer 18

Agreements between the government and Indigenous peoples that defines the rights, responsibilities, and relationships between them.

Question 19

Baby boom

Answer 19

A period of high birth rates that occurred in Canada following World War II. Caused a aging population.

Question 20

Aging population

Answer 20

The proportion of people aged 65 years and above is increasing at a faster rate than those below that age.

Question 21

Economic Class Immigrant

Answer 21

Any person attempting to gain entry to Canada on the basis of their own worth or value to the country.

Question 22

Family Class Immigrants

Answer 22

People attempting to gain entry based on a
relationship to someone already living here .

Question 23

Refugees

Answer 23

People trying to get in due to danger in their home country (i.e. war, persecution, abuse, racism etc.)