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Chemistry A2 > Unit 4 Definitions > Flashcards

Unit 4 Definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

Enthalpy of atomisation

A

The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous atoms is formed from the element in its standard state

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2
Q

Electron affinity

A

The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous ions is converted into gaseous ions with a single negative charge

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3
Q

Enthalpy of solution

A

The enthalpy change when one mole of a solute dissolves in water

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4
Q

Enthalpy of hydration

A

The enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous ions is converted into one mole of aqueous ions

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5
Q

Feasible

A

A reaction in which delta G =

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6
Q

Entropy

A

A measure of disorder (randomness)

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7
Q

Order of reactants (with respect to a reactant)

A

The power to which the concentrations of a reactant is raised in the rate equation

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8
Q

Order of reaction (overall)

A

The sum of the powers to which the concentration terms are raised in the rate equation

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9
Q

Rate constant

A

The proportionality constant which links the rate of the reaction to the concentrations in the rate equation

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10
Q

Rate determining step

A

The slowest step in the mechanism

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11
Q

Mole fraction of a gas

A

Number of moles of a particular gas/ total number of moles of gas

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12
Q

Concentration

A

Number of moles/volume

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13
Q

Partial pressure

A

Mole fraction X total pressure

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14
Q

Partition Coefficient

A

Concentration in upper layer at equilibrium/ concentration in power layer at equilibrium

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15
Q

Brønsted acid

A

Proton donor

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16
Q

Brønsted Base

A

Proton acceptor

17
Q

Strong acid or base

A

Fully dissociates

18
Q

Weak base or acid

A

Partially dissociates

19
Q

Kw

A

[H+][OH-]

20
Q

Ka

A

[A-][H+] / [HA]

21
Q

pH

A

-log[H+]

22
Q

Buffer solution

A

A solution which resists changes in pH on addition of small amounts of acid or alkali

23
Q

Monobasic acid

A

Donates one proton per molecule

24
Q

Asymmetric centre

A

A carbon which has four different atoms of groups attached

25
Q

Optical isomers

A

Molecules which exist as non-superimposable mirror images

26
Q

Optically active

A

A sample which rotates the plane of plane of polarised light

27
Q

Iodine value

A

The mass of iodine in g required to completely saturate 100g of a fat or oil

28
Q

Saponification value

A

The mass of KOH in mg required to completely hydrolyse 1.0g of a fat or oil

29
Q

Polulyunsaturated

A

Contains two or more C=C bonds

30
Q

Amphoteric oxide

A

Reacts with both acids and bases

31
Q

Receamic

A

A 50:50 mixture of optical isomers

32
Q

Lattice enthalpy

A

The enthalpy change when one mole of an ionic compound is converted to gaseous ions

Chemistry A2 (1 decks)

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