unit 4 definitions Flashcards
urbanisation
The increasing proportion (%) of the total population living in urban areas and it occurs as people move from rural areas to urban areas
wellbeing
Wellbeing is the state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy
urban growth
an increase in the total number of people living in cities
urban sprawl
increasing area of an urban settlement
world population
World population is the total number of people living in the world
population growth rate
Population growth rate is the rate at which a population has grown in a year a %
hinterland
The rural area around a settlement which comes under its economic, social and political influence is referred to as its hinterland
housing challenge
the provision of suitable quality and quantity of affordable housing to meet the needs of the urban population
transportation challenge
the movement of goods and people around an urban area through the provision of transport services and infrastructure
congestion challenge
the build-up of slow-moving vehicles along a transport network
environmental degradation challenge
any change or disturbance that deteriorates any part of the environment
personal safety challenge
the state of being safe from harm or danger in your home, workplace and as you move around the urban areas
land abandonment and blight challenge
abandoned land means any land where the previously approved use had not occurred on or the taxes have not been paid for a period of at least one year. Blight is the run-down, neglected, degraded appearance of properties
socio-spatial inequality challenge
socio-spatial refers to the unequal access to resources and services due to a person’s location within the urban area
social inclusion and exclusion challenge
the differing levels of social inclusivity and connectedness felt by members of the community due to differences in wealth, education, race, gender, background etc
changing demographics challenge
the shifting characteristics of the population in terms of age and sex, cultural and background and socio-economic status
economic restructuring challenge
when significant and enduring changes occur to the nature and structure of the economy, causing some industries to grow and others to think
employment challenge
providing enough employment across the city to meet the needs of the population, managing upswings and downturns in economic activity and upskilling a workforce to meet the demands of the job market
remote communities
An isolated community is one that either is a long distance from highly populated settlements or lacks transportation links that are typical in more populated areas
population loss
a decline in the number of people living in an areas. This might be a decline in total population or in a particular demographic group
resource degradation
The rate of soil production in Australia is very low, and in many areas it is greatly exceeded by the rate of soil loss
land use conflicts
Disputes over the appropriate use of land and/or negative impacts of one type of land use on another
agglomeration
The clustering of activities or similar land use function in urban or rural areas
Often occurs due to potential benefits, savings or cost reductions
invasion
Invasion is when one function moves into an areas occupied by another different type of land use
succession
Succession occurs when the process of invasion is complete and the invading function is now the dominant land use in the area
urban blight
The physical or social deterioration of properties or areas
Often due to the owners reluctance to renovate sites that may be over taken by invading functions
urban renewal
Involves the redevelopment and upgrading of blighted areas in rural or urban area
Mainly initiated by government and is part of the overall planning scheme for the city
planning
The planning process involves the government formally deciding where different land uses should locate
land use competition
Land use competition is the process that sorts functions according to their ability to earn/pay economic rent
inertia
The process that limits change in rural and urban areas
It is the tendency for a land use to stay in an area after the original reason or advantage for locating in the location has gone
