unit 4 definitions

Question 1

urbanisation

Answer 1

The increasing proportion (%) of the total population living in urban areas and it occurs as people move from rural areas to urban areas

Question 2

wellbeing

Answer 2

Wellbeing is the state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy

Question 3

urban growth

Answer 3

an increase in the total number of people living in cities

Question 4

urban sprawl

Answer 4

increasing area of an urban settlement

Question 5

world population

Answer 5

World population is the total number of people living in the world

Question 6

population growth rate

Answer 6

Population growth rate is the rate at which a population has grown in a year a %

Question 7

hinterland

Answer 7

The rural area around a settlement which comes under its economic, social and political influence is referred to as its hinterland

Question 8

housing challenge

Answer 8

the provision of suitable quality and quantity of affordable housing to meet the needs of the urban population

Question 9

transportation challenge

Answer 9

the movement of goods and people around an urban area through the provision of transport services and infrastructure

Question 10

congestion challenge

Answer 10

the build-up of slow-moving vehicles along a transport network

Question 11

environmental degradation challenge

Answer 11

any change or disturbance that deteriorates any part of the environment

Question 12

personal safety challenge

Answer 12

the state of being safe from harm or danger in your home, workplace and as you move around the urban areas

Question 13

land abandonment and blight challenge

Answer 13

abandoned land means any land where the previously approved use had not occurred on or the taxes have not been paid for a period of at least one year. Blight is the run-down, neglected, degraded appearance of properties

Question 14

socio-spatial inequality challenge

Answer 14

socio-spatial refers to the unequal access to resources and services due to a person’s location within the urban area

Question 15

social inclusion and exclusion challenge

Answer 15

the differing levels of social inclusivity and connectedness felt by members of the community due to differences in wealth, education, race, gender, background etc

Question 16

changing demographics challenge

Answer 16

the shifting characteristics of the population in terms of age and sex, cultural and background and socio-economic status

Question 17

economic restructuring challenge

Answer 17

when significant and enduring changes occur to the nature and structure of the economy, causing some industries to grow and others to think

Question 18

employment challenge

Answer 18

providing enough employment across the city to meet the needs of the population, managing upswings and downturns in economic activity and upskilling a workforce to meet the demands of the job market

Question 19

remote communities

Answer 19

An isolated community is one that either is a long distance from highly populated settlements or lacks transportation links that are typical in more populated areas

Question 20

population loss

Answer 20

a decline in the number of people living in an areas. This might be a decline in total population or in a particular demographic group

Question 21

resource degradation

Answer 21

The rate of soil production in Australia is very low, and in many areas it is greatly exceeded by the rate of soil loss

Question 22

land use conflicts

Answer 22

Disputes over the appropriate use of land and/or negative impacts of one type of land use on another

Question 23

agglomeration

Answer 23

The clustering of activities or similar land use function in urban or rural areas
Often occurs due to potential benefits, savings or cost reductions

Question 24

invasion

Answer 24

Invasion is when one function moves into an areas occupied by another different type of land use

Question 25

succession

Answer 25

Succession occurs when the process of invasion is complete and the invading function is now the dominant land use in the area

Question 26

urban blight

Answer 26

The physical or social deterioration of properties or areas

Often due to the owners reluctance to renovate sites that may be over taken by invading functions

Question 27

urban renewal

Answer 27

Involves the redevelopment and upgrading of blighted areas in rural or urban area
Mainly initiated by government and is part of the overall planning scheme for the city

Question 28

planning

Answer 28

The planning process involves the government formally deciding where different land uses should locate

Question 29

land use competition

Answer 29

Land use competition is the process that sorts functions according to their ability to earn/pay economic rent

Question 30

inertia

Answer 30

The process that limits change in rural and urban areas
It is the tendency for a land use to stay in an area after the original reason or advantage for locating in the location has gone