Unit 4 CED Flashcards
Between 1450 and 1750, “knowledge, scientific learning, and technology from –three– worlds spread,” facilitating European technological developments and innovation.” From what three worlds did this stuff spread, helping Europe advance?
Classical, Islamic, Asian
Between 1450 and 1750, technological/ intellectual developments that helped Europe get ahead included what three things?
Knowledge, scientific learning, and technology from the classical, Islamic, and Asian worlds
Between 1450 and 1750, Europe experienced the “production
of new tools, innovations in ship designs, and an improved understanding of regional wind and currents patterns.” What two things became possible because of those advances?
transoceanic travel and trade
Who supported transoceanic maritime exploration during the period 1450-1750?
States
What kind of empire did Portugal create starting around 1450?
Trading Post Empire
Who sponsored –paid for– “the voyages of Columbus and subsequent voyages across the Atlantic and Pacific” in the time period 1450-1750?
Spanish
Between 1450 and 1750, “Portuguese development of maritime
technology and navigational skills led to increased travel to and trade with” what two places?
Africa and Asia
What “dramatically increased” because of the voyages that Spain sponsored in the time period 1450-1750?
European interest in transoceanic travel and trade
“Northern Atlantic crossings were undertaken” by what three countries in the time period 1450-1750?
English, French, Dutch
What was often the goal of the countries who explored the North Atlantic in the time period 1450-1750?
Finding alternative sailing routes to Asia
What was the Columbian Exchange?
New connections between the E and W hemispheres resulted in an exchange of new plants, animals, and diseases.
“European colonization of the Americas led to the unintentional transfer of disease vectors, including” what two animals?
Mosquitoes and Rats
European colonization of the Americas caused “the spread of diseases that were endemic in the Eastern Hemisphere, including” what three diseases?
Smallpox,measels, and malaria
What was the major effect of the diseases that the Europeans brought to the New World?
substantially reduced the indigenous population
After the Columbian Exchange, “American foods became staple crops in various parts of” what three places?
Europe, Asia, and Africa
After the Columbian Exchange, “cash crops were grown primarily on plantations” that used what kind of labor?
coerced
After the Columbian Exchange, cash crops were grown on plantations in the Americas. Where were the crops exported to?
Europe and the Middle East
What 4 agricultural things “were brought by Europeans to the Americas” in the Columbian Exchange?
Afro-Eurasian fruit trees, grains, sugar, and domesticated animals
Other than Europeans, who brought kinds of food to the New World in the Columbian Exchange?
African Slaves
Who “benefitted nutritionally from the increased diversity of
American food crops” after the Columbian Exchange?
Populations in Afro-Eurasia
Who profited when “Europeans established new trading posts in
Africa and Asia” in the period 1450-1750?
Rulers and merchants involved in new global trade networks
Why did some Asian states adopt “restrictive or isolationist trade policies” in the period 1450-1750?
to limit the disruptive cultural and economic effects of European-dominated long-distance trade.
What three kinds of rivalries drove European states to establish new maritime empires in the period 1450-1750?
political, religious, economic
The CED lists 5 European countries that established new maritime empires in the period 1450-1750. What are the 5 countries?
Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, French, British
