unit 4 ap euro Flashcards
John Locke
Natural Rights: Life, Liberty, and property
Social Contract: Protect natural rights
Copernicus
Heliocentric model (Sun in the middle)
Galileo
Experimental method: What might or should happen
Law of inertia
Heliocentrism
telescope
Descartes
Correspondence between geometry and algebra
deductive reasoning: using evidence to form conclusions
Mind and matter, physical, spiritual
Bacon
Empiricism - empirical method - “Scientific method”
Science inquiry
Experience not theory
Newton
Gravity and calculus
Three Laws: Inertia, Force, Equal/oppisite reaction
Newton’s Pricipia
Brahe
Gathered information
Kepler
Three laws: distance from the sun relates to speed of planet, no two planets are the same speed, elliptical
Harvey
Discovered blood circulation
Vesalius
Modern anatomy, medicine
Kant
Ability to think for oneself
“What is enlightenment?”
Montesquieu
Separation of powers, checks and balances
Governments, republic, monarchy, despots
Voltaire
religious toleration, freedom of speech
Deist- God is not a part of everyday life, basing one’s belief on nature and reason
reformer
Tried of heresy, agreed with pope (not actually)
John Locke
Natural rights- Life liberty and property
Social contract- protection of natural rights
People can have a blank slate, “Tabula Rasa”
Rousseau
General will- government wants good
The government rules with the people’s consent
Popular sovereignty- power of the people
Beccaria
Criminal justice reform
Ban of death penalty
D’Holdbach
Atheist
God, free will, immortality didn’t exist
Morality in happniess not bible
Diderot
Publish encycopedia
Reason, knowledge, progress, happiness
change general way of thinking
Chatelet
slept with Voltaire
women were held back because of gender inequality
influenced voltaire
wollstonecraft
subjugation between men and women are unjust
if women can reason they should have same rights as men
de gouges
women’s rights
right to own property, divorce, inherit money
Condorcet
women’s rights
Hume
Mind is an impression, impressions come from expirences
Adam Smith
Capitalist
Free Market, trade
invisible hand
Maria Theresa
Austria attacked by french and prussia
Lost Silesia
Taxed nobles
used serfdom
Frederick the great II
Attacked silesia, causing war of Austrian Succession
religious toleration
mandatory school
serfdom
jews still oppressed
Catherine the grat II
Some religious toleration
improve education
ultimate control over serfs (serfdom bad)
freed nobles of taxes
Pugachevs rebellion
Joseph II
Son of Maria Thersa
Abolished serfdom
religious toleration
War of Austrian Succession
Prussia and France Vs. Austria and Britain
Prussia wins
Diplomatic revolution
France and Austria vs Prussia and Britain
Seven years war
BOP
Austria wants back silesia
Britain and France competing in North America trade
Prussia keeps Silesia
Britain gains french colonial territiory
