unit 4 ap euro

Question 1

John Locke

Answer 1

Natural Rights: Life, Liberty, and property
Social Contract: Protect natural rights

Question 2

Copernicus

Answer 2

Heliocentric model (Sun in the middle)

Question 3

Galileo

Answer 3

Experimental method: What might or should happen
Law of inertia
Heliocentrism
telescope

Question 4

Descartes

Answer 4

Correspondence between geometry and algebra
deductive reasoning: using evidence to form conclusions
Mind and matter, physical, spiritual

Question 5

Bacon

Answer 5

Empiricism - empirical method - “Scientific method”
Science inquiry
Experience not theory

Question 6

Newton

Answer 6

Gravity and calculus
Three Laws: Inertia, Force, Equal/oppisite reaction
Newton’s Pricipia

Question 7

Brahe

Answer 7

Gathered information

Question 8

Kepler

Answer 8

Three laws: distance from the sun relates to speed of planet, no two planets are the same speed, elliptical

Question 9

Harvey

Answer 9

Discovered blood circulation

Question 10

Vesalius

Answer 10

Modern anatomy, medicine

Question 11

Kant

Answer 11

Ability to think for oneself
“What is enlightenment?”

Question 12

Montesquieu

Answer 12

Separation of powers, checks and balances
Governments, republic, monarchy, despots

Question 13

Voltaire

Answer 13

religious toleration, freedom of speech
Deist- God is not a part of everyday life, basing one’s belief on nature and reason
reformer
Tried of heresy, agreed with pope (not actually)

Question 14

John Locke

Answer 14

Natural rights- Life liberty and property
Social contract- protection of natural rights
People can have a blank slate, “Tabula Rasa”

Question 15

Rousseau

Answer 15

General will- government wants good
The government rules with the people’s consent
Popular sovereignty- power of the people

Question 16

Beccaria

Answer 16

Criminal justice reform
Ban of death penalty

Question 17

D’Holdbach

Answer 17

Atheist
God, free will, immortality didn’t exist
Morality in happniess not bible

Question 18

Diderot

Answer 18

Publish encycopedia
Reason, knowledge, progress, happiness
change general way of thinking

Question 19

Chatelet

Answer 19

slept with Voltaire
women were held back because of gender inequality
influenced voltaire

Question 20

wollstonecraft

Answer 20

subjugation between men and women are unjust
if women can reason they should have same rights as men

Question 21

de gouges

Answer 21

women’s rights
right to own property, divorce, inherit money

Question 22

Condorcet

Answer 22

women’s rights

Question 23

Hume

Answer 23

Mind is an impression, impressions come from expirences

Question 24

Adam Smith

Answer 24

Capitalist
Free Market, trade
invisible hand

Question 25

Maria Theresa

Answer 25

Austria attacked by french and prussia
Lost Silesia
Taxed nobles
used serfdom

Question 26

Frederick the great II

Answer 26

Attacked silesia, causing war of Austrian Succession
religious toleration
mandatory school
serfdom
jews still oppressed

Question 27

Catherine the grat II

Answer 27

Some religious toleration
improve education
ultimate control over serfs (serfdom bad)
freed nobles of taxes
Pugachevs rebellion

Question 28

Joseph II

Answer 28

Son of Maria Thersa
Abolished serfdom
religious toleration

Question 29

War of Austrian Succession

Answer 29

Prussia and France Vs. Austria and Britain
Prussia wins

Question 30

Diplomatic revolution

Answer 30

France and Austria vs Prussia and Britain

Question 31

Seven years war

Answer 31

BOP
Austria wants back silesia
Britain and France competing in North America trade
Prussia keeps Silesia
Britain gains french colonial territiory