Unit 4 - AOS 2 (mental wellbeing & phobias)

Question 1

Mental Wellbeing

Answer 1

An individual’s psychological state, including their ability to think, process information, and regulate emotions

Question 2

[aspects of wellbeing]

Level of functioning

Answer 2

The degree to which a person can complete day-to-day tasks in an independent and effective manner

Question 3

[aspects of wellbeing]

Resilience

Answer 3

The ability to successfully cope with and manage change and uncertainty

Question 4

Internal factors

Biological factors, psychological factors

Answer 4

Internal factors:
Influences that originate inside or within a person

Biological factors:
Physiologically based or determined influences
{DNA, AGE, HORMONES, GENDER}

Psychological factors:
Influences associated with mental processes
{coping mechanisms, self-esteem, mental illness}

Question 5

External factors

Social factors

Answer 5

External factors:
Influences that originate outside a person

Social factors:
Influences associated with interactions with other people
{school, work, relationships, levels of education, employment}

Question 6

Protective Factor

Answer 6

Something that enhances and helps to protect mental wellbeing and reducing the likelihood that mental Ill-health will occur

Question 7

Biological Protective Factors

Answer 7

• Adequate nutrition & hydration
• Adequate sleep

Question 8

Psychological Protective Factors

Answer 8

• Cognitive Behaviour Strategies:
  CBS are techniques that utilise traits of CBT to recognise and change dysfunctional thought and behavioural patterns
• Mindfulness Meditation:
  The practice of meditation in which an individual focuses on their present experience to promote feelings of calm and peace.

Question 9

Social Protective Factors

Answer 9

• Social Support:
  The assistance, care and comfort provided by people to each other on the condition that they have a stable or ongoing relationship

Question 10

Phobias

Answer 10

Persistent and irrational fear of a particular object

Question 11

Specific phobia

Answer 11

Marked and persistent, fear or anxiety about a specific object

Question 12

Biological factors - developing phobias

Answer 12

GABA:
Dysfunction of Gabba impacts the control of glutamate.
Thus, psychologist have proposed that those with low levels of GABA I’m more vulnerable to anxiety and easier triggering of FFS which may predispose them to developing a specific phobia

Long-term potentiation:
LTP is a neurological mechanism of memory.
Re-coating and reconsolidation of phobic memories through retrieval process of memory

Question 13

Psychological factors - developing phobias

Answer 13

Classical conditioning:
UCS transitions into a CS through producing a conditioned response.
Research shows that this can occur in people after a single pairing if the UCS is intense or traumatic

Operant conditioning:
Responses that reduces or removes fear or anxiety will be negatively reinforced.

Cognitive bias:
A systematic way of thinking that impacts decisions and judgement

• Memory bias
• Catastrophic thinking

Question 14

Social factors - developing phobias

Answer 14

• specific environmental triggers
• Stigma around seeking treatment