unit 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What does reactivity mean?

A

how vigorously a substance chemically reacts

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2
Q

How can metals be ordered by their reactivity?

A

by comparing their reactions with water, acid,or oxygen

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3
Q

What name is given to a list of metals ordered by their reactivity?

A

reactivity series

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4
Q

In terms of electrons, what makes some metals more reactive than others?

A

they lose their outer shell electron(s) more easily

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5
Q

Why are gold and silver found naturally as elements in the Earth’s crust?

A

they are very unreactive

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6
Q

What is an ore?

A

rock containing enough of a metal compound to be economically worth extracting

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7
Q

How are metals less reactive than carbon extracted from their ores?

A

reduction with carbon

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8
Q

In terms of oxygen, what is oxidation?

A

addition of oxygen

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9
Q

In terms of oxygen, what is reduction?

A

removal of oxygen

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10
Q

Why can metals like potassium and aluminium not be extracted by reduction with carbon?

A

they are more reactive than carbon

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11
Q

How are metals more reactive than carbon extracted from their ores?

A

electrolysis

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12
Q

What is a displacement reaction?

A

a more reactive substance takes the place of a less reactive substance in a compound

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13
Q

What is an ionic equation?

A

equation which gives some substances as ions and has spectator ions removed

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14
Q

What type of substance is given as ions in an ionic equation?

A

ionic compounds in solution (or liquid)

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15
Q

What is a spectator ion?

A

ion that is unchanged in a reaction

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16
Q

What is a half equation?

A

equation that shows whether a substance is losing or gaining electrons

17
Q

In terms of electrons, what is oxidation?

A

loss of electrons

18
Q

In terms of electrons, what is reduction?

A

gain of electrons