Unit 4 Flashcards
What is an enzyme?
They are proteins that catalyse biochemical reactions by providing an alternative reaction pathways with lower activation energy.
Recall the zwitterion formula
H3N-CH(R)-COO
Explain how soaps work to clean.
Soap disolves in water to form hydrophillic and hydrophobic bonds. The hydrophilic bonds with H2O enabling dirt to break free when agitated enabling them to be emulsified in the washing water.
What makes a protien?
It is a protein if more than 50 amino acids react together.
What is LDPE and its properties?
Low density poly ethene involves hih temperature and pressure which causes small branches. Its properties are: Low density and soft.
List the 5 functional groups that are a result of substitution.
Dihaloalkane, Haloalkane, alcohol (when NaOH is added), nitirle and amine.
How many subunits are in Amylopectin and Glycogen have?
Amylopectin -> 20 subunits
Glycogen -> 10 subunits
List the 5 functional groups that are a result of oxidation.
Primary and Secondary alcohol, ketone, aldehyde and carboxylic acid.
What are polar and non-polar molecules?
Polar = Uneven charge (most common eg. water) Non-polar = even charge
What is Polytetrafluoroethene
It is a polymer that has had all its hydrogen atoms replaced by fluorine.
What is Isotatic polypropene.
It is where all side groups are on one side, resulting in strong dispersion forces.
What is an ester?
An ester exists in the middle of the carbon chain and contains a carbonyl functional group where the carbon in bonded to another oxygen.
What does Amphoteric mean?
It means that the compound can act as an acid or a base.
What is the stem name for 3 and 7 carbons
- Prop (3)
2. Hept (7)
Why can alkenes undergo addition reactions yet alkanes cannot.
Alkanes can undergo addition reaction reactions due to its double bond being able to break however alkanes cannot because it is completely saturated.
