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AP Psych > Unit 4 > Flashcards

Unit 4 Flashcards

1
Q

The curious mix of perfect vision and face blindness illustrates the distinction between…

A

Sensation and perception

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2
Q

The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment

A

Sensation

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3
Q

The process of organizing and interpreting sensory info allowing us to recognize events and objects

A

Perception

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4
Q

Analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brains integration of sensory information

A

Bottom up processing

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5
Q

Difference between bottom up and top down processing

A

Bottom up: developing experiences when experiencing something for the 1st time.
Top down: prior experiences using past to build sensations

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6
Q

Simple definition of….

Energies or stimuli that are five major senses take in

A

Sensation

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7
Q

Awareness of senses, simple definition

A

Perception

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8
Q

Focus on stimuli with sensations

A

Selective attention

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9
Q

Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere

A

I attentional blindness

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10
Q

Failing to notice changes in the environment

A

Change blindness

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11
Q

The study of relationships between physicial characteristics of stimuli, like intensity and our psychological experience of them

A

Psychophysics

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12
Q

Conversion of one form of energy to another, neural impulses

A

Transduction

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13
Q

Minimum Point of detection, based on expectations alertness, and experiences. The minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular similar 50% of the time

A

Absolute threshold

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14
Q

Assumes there is no single absolute threshold and that detection varies from person to person.

A

Signal detection theory

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15
Q

Below ones absolute threshold, take info in all the time

A

Subliminal

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16
Q

Can link up one think with another to remember, activation of things—one perception, memory, or response

A

Priming

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17
Q

Minimum amount of stimulus for something to alter before noting a change.

A

Difference threshold

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18
Q

Principle that two stimuli differ by a constant percentage

A

Weber’s law

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19
Q

More exposure to stimuli, less affect

A

Adapting

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20
Q

To physical characteristics of light that help determine our sensory experience of them

A

Wavelength and intensity

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21
Q

The distance from one wave peak to the next, determines its hue

A

Wavelength

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22
Q

The color we experience

A

Hue

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23
Q

The amount of energy in light waves, influences brightness

A

Intensity

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24
Q

Cells that derive their name from their ability to respond to a scenes specific feature

A

Feature detector

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25
Q

The processing of many aspects of a problem, the brains natural mode of information processing for many functions; contrasts step by step processing

A

Parallel processing

26
Q

Combined info of color, movement, form, and depth

A

Parallel processing

27
Q

Implies that the cones do their color magic in teams of three. The retina has three types of color receptors red green and blue.

A

Young helmnolz tri theory

28
Q

As visual information leaves the receptor cells, we analyze it in terms of three sets of opponent colors, red green, yellow blue, and white black

A

Opponent process theory

29
Q

Where does opponent processing occur

A

Retina and thalamus

30
Q

The sense or act of hearing something

A

Audition

31
Q

The number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time

A

Frequency

32
Q

A toned highness or lowness, depends on frequency

A

Pitch

33
Q

The chamber between the eardrum she cochlea containing tiny bones that concentrate the vibrations of eardrum

A

Middle ear

34
Q

Coiled, bony, fluid filled tube in inner ear through sound waves trigger nerve impulses

A

Cochlea

35
Q

Innermost part of the ear, contains cochlea, vestibular sacs, and canals

A

Inner ear

36
Q

In hearing, the theory that links the pitch we hear with the place where the cochleae membrane is stimulated

A

Place theory

37
Q

In hearing, the theory that the rate of nerve impulses traveling up auditory nerve matches frequency of a tone

A

Frequency theory

38
Q

Types of hearing loss

A

Conduction and sensorineural

39
Q

Hearing loss caused by damage to mechanical system that conducts sound waves to cochlea

A

Conduction

40
Q

Hearing loss caused by damage to cochleae receptor cells or auditory nerves

A

Sensorineural

41
Q

device for converting sounds into electrical signals stimulating auditory nerve into the cochlea

A

Cochlear implant

42
Q

Skin senses

A

Cold
Heat
Pressure
Pain

43
Q

System for sensing position of body parts

A

Kinesthesis

44
Q

Sense of body movement, balance

A

Vestibular sense

45
Q

The theory that the spinal cord has a gate that blocks pain signals or allows them to get to brain

A

Gate control theory

46
Q

One sense many influence another

A

Sensory interaction

47
Q

Perceptual tenancy to organize stimuli into groups

A

Grouping, gestalt

48
Q

Ability to see objects in three dimensions, allows us to judge distance

A

Depth perception

49
Q

Depth cues, depend on using two eyes

A

Binoculars cues

50
Q

Binocular queue for perceiving depth

A

Retinal disparity

51
Q

Depth cues like interposition and linear perspective, available to either eye

A

Monocular cues

52
Q

When two adjacent lights blink on and off, we think it’s a single light moving back and forth

A

Phi phenomenon

53
Q

Perceiving familiar objects as having constant color

A

Color constancy

54
Q

Mental, perceive one thing and not the other

A

Perceptual set

55
Q

Ability to adjust to an artificial visual field

A

Perceptual adaption

56
Q

claim that perception can occur from sensory output

A

ESP

57
Q

What are the chemical sensations

A

Taste and smell

58
Q

How do we perceive motion

A

Parallel processing

59
Q

Telepathy

A

Mind to mind

60
Q

See events in future

A

Clairvoyance

61
Q

See remote events as they’re happening

A

Precognition

AP Psych (6 decks)

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