Unit 4

Question 1

3 groups of Deuterostomes

Answer 1

Chordates, echinoderms, hemichordates

Question 2

Traits of Chordates

Answer 2

Bilaterally symmetrical, Deuterostomes, Coelomates, Segmented bodies

Derived traits: Notochord, Post-anal tail, dorsal-hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits

Question 3

Cephalochordates

Answer 3

Lancets
-Most basal chordates, filter feeders, key chordate traits

Question 4

Urochordata

Answer 4

• tunicates, sea squirts
• Larvae – chordate traits, moves to place to settle
• Adult – metamorphosis, lose chordate characteristics

Question 5

Vertebrate Traits

Answer 5

Vertebral column & head formation

Question 6

What led to mineralization & examples

Answer 6

Transition to predation
-armored plates & mineralized mouthparts

Question 7

Types of Jawless Vertebrates

Answer 7

Myxini (Hagfishes) & Petromyzontida (Lampreys)

Question 8

Myxini (Hagfish) characteristics

Answer 8

-Marine scavengers

-reduced vertebrate, head starts to form

-Tooth-like structures of keratin

-Produce slime for protection

Question 9

Petromyzontida (Lampreys) Characteristics

Answer 9

-Marine/freshwater, reduced vertebrate
-Adult: parasites of fish
-Larvae: suspension feeders

Question 10

Gnathostomes shared derived characteristics

Answer 10

-Jaw
-Complex gene duplication
-Large forebrain & sense development
-Lateral line system - senses vibrations

Question 11

Chondrichthyes (Sharks, rays, chimaeras)

Answer 11

-Called cartilage fish but still mineralization
-Many consume plankton
-Carnivores