Unit 4

Question 1

It is a metabolic process that causes food to be undesirable or unacceptable for food consumption due to changes in sensory characteristics.

Answer 1

Food spoilage

Question 2

Spoilage in food is identified by: (4)

Answer 2

1. Off-colors
2. Off-odors
3. Softening of vegetables and fruits
4. Slime production

Question 4

The spoilage microbe’s common inhabitants are: (4)

Answer 4

1. Soil
2. Water
3. Intestinal tract of animals
4. Dispersed through air and water

Question 5

Food spoilage by microorganisms depends upon ______ and _______ factors.

Answer 5

1. intrinsic
2. extrinsic

Question 6

Inrinsic factors: (5)
Extrinsic factors: (3)

Answer 6

INTRINSIC FACTORS
1. pH
2. Water activity
3. Nutrient content
4. Oxidation-Reduction potential
5. Antimicrobial properties

EXTRINSIC FACTORS
1. Temperature
2. Relative humidiy
3. Pressure

Question 7

It is caused by microorganisms like fungi (molds, yeast) and bacteria. They spoil food by growing in it and producing substances that change the colour, texture, and odour.

Answer 7

Microbial spoilage

Question 8

Spoilage may arise from: (3)

Answer 8

1. Insect damage
2. Physical damage
3. Indigenous enzyme activity in food or by microorganism