Unit 4

Question 1

Population Distribution

Answer 1

Refers to the pattern of settlement • The way the population is spread

Question 2

Population Density:
Formula =

Answer 2

Population / Land Area
Refers to the number of people living in a given area (ex: 1km2)

Question 3

Demography

Answer 3

Demography is the study of population numbers, distribution of people, trends of people, and issues relating to population. Demos = People Graphos = write about

Question 4

Demographer:

Answer 4

a profession whose responsibility is to analyze qualitative and quantitative data to understand trends and patterns for private or public use.

Question 5

Birth rate

Answer 5

– Yearly number of live births per 10

Question 6

Death rate

Answer 6

yearly number of deaths per 1000

Question 7

Natural increase rate

Answer 7

the difference between birth and death rate. (Birth rate – Death Rate)

Question 8

Infant Mortality Rate

Answer 8

: yearly number of deaths under 1 year old per 1000

Question 9

Child mortality rate:

Answer 9

yearly number of deaths under 8 years old

Question 10

Immigrate

Answer 10

– to move out of your old country

Question 11

Immigration rate

Answer 11

– number of new Canadians who have immigrated here from another country
per 1000 of Canada’s population

Question 12

Immigrant

Answer 12

– person who moves to a new country

Question 13

Refugee

Answer 13

• is a person who is outside their country of citizenship because they have well-founded grounds for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion

Question 14

Emigrate

Answer 14

• to leave your country of origin to live elsewhere

Question 15

Emigration rate

Answer 15

– yearly number of people per 1000 who moves elsewhere
Net Migration Rate – difference between people moving to a county and people moving elsewhere from that same co

Question 16

Push Factors

Answer 16

– something that makes people want to leave their country and move to another (discrimination, unemployment, war)

Question 17

Pull Factors

Answer 17

something that attracts people to another country (freedom of speech, education opportunities)

Question 18

Population Growth Rate –

Answer 18

measurement that combines both natural increase and net migration to calculate the overall growth of a country’s population
= natural increase + net migration

Question 19

Life expectancy –

Answer 19

average lifespan of a person in a country

Question 20

Baby Boom

Answer 20

– the largest rise in the birth rate in the late 1940’s and 1950’s experienced by
many countries in Europe and North Ameri

Question 21

Doubling time

Answer 21

how long it would take for a country’s population to double at that country’s rate of population growth
70 / population Growth Rate = Doubling Time

Question 22

There are THREE types of Population Pyramids

Answer 22

? Stable Pyramid
? Expanding Pyramid
? Contracting Pyramid

Question 23

Reasons for our older population:

Answer 23

o Health Care, Birth control & family planning have made families have fewer but higher achieving children, as well as allowing Canadians to live longer lives
o Children are very expensive and families want to balance a high standard of living with raising a family. Student debt and high cost of housing is also pushing back family formation.
o Women are now working more than ever before, and many are choosing to put their careers before family. The average age of marriage is closer to 30 now compared to 20 in the the 1950’s.

Question 24

How does this affect us? (Older population)

Answer 24

o With low birth rates and longer life spans our problems will worsen in the future
o Our social safety system could become unsustainab

Question 25

The coming demographic crunch (aging population)

Answer 25

● . This increases the burden on workers for seniors’ pensions and other social programs
● Slows economic growth
● Worsens labour shortages

Question 26

Labour deficit (again population)

Answer 26

o Canada is facing a looming labour shortage
o A million jobs could be going unfilled across the country by 2021 because of a lack of qualified candidates

o Sectors facing critical shortages of skilled labour include o Mining
o Oil
o Health care
o According to an analysis by the ministry of finance - by 2031, the shortfall for skilled labour in Ontario could be as high as 1.8 milli

Question 27

7 different types of Immigrant classes in Canad

Answer 27

Skilled Worker Class
Individuals can immigrate to Canada based on their own credentials such as their work experience, job type, education level, age and language proficiency under the Skilled Worker program.

Skilled Trades Class
Knowledge and experience in certain trades that are in demand in Canada

Canadian Experience Class
If you are in the country on a temporary visa such as a work permit or you are a student, you may be able to become a permanent resident using the Canadian Experience Class.

Start-up Visa
Investors, self-employed persons and entrepreneurs can immigrate to Canada under various business immigration Temporary Foreign worker program
Stay in Canada for 3 years filling job roles that are needed

Family Class
Canadian citizens and permanent residents can apply to sponsor their close family members or spouses to come to Canada as permanent residents.

Refugee Class
fear of persecution in their original homeland, individuals can apply as refugees

Question 28

Aboriginal

Answer 28

Not used in common conversation, commonly used in legal contexts

Question 29

Indigenous

Answer 29

• an umbrella term used to describe people’s native to a region that was colonised

Question 30

First Nations Peoples

Answer 30

• an umbrella term used to describe more than 50 nations and languages found mostly in southern Canada

Question 31

Metis

Answer 31

• a Unique indigenous peoples centered in Manitoba. They are a mix between indigenous and french explorers

Question 32

Inuit

Answer 32

an Indigenous group mostly found in Northern Cana

Question 33

The Indian Act of 1876

Answer 33

Did not apply to Métis and Inuit Peoples

The Indian Act of 1887 aimed to manage and assimilate Aboriginal populations into the Euro-Canadian culture. It designated Indian status to individuals and allowed local Aboriginal autonomy. The Act introduced residential schools, removing Aboriginal children from families and renaming them to European names. The last residential school, Gordon Indian Residential School in Saskatchewan, closed in 1996. The Indian Act remains in place because it provides legal title to Aboriginal peoples and acknowledges all Indigenous peoples as co-owners, decision-makers, and beneficiaries of Canadian lands and resources.

Question 34

Social & Economic Issues (indigenous peoples)

Answer 34

Aboriginal Reserves also face a severe social and economic issues overcrowded housing
poverty
few job opportunities are all too common
High birth rate compare to the rest of Canada
Because of this, aboriginal reserves in Canada are compared to living conditions in developing countries
Median after-tax income lower for Aboriginal people

Question 35

Population distribution

Answer 35

Refers to the pattern of settlement • The way the population is sp

Question 36

Population density

Answer 36

:
Formula =
Population / Land Area
Refers to the number of people living in a given area (ex: 1km2)

Question 37

Demography

Answer 37

Demography is the study of population numbers, distribution of people, trends of people, and issues relating to population. Demos = People Graphos = write about

Question 38

Demographer

Answer 38

Demographer: a profession whose responsibility is to analyze qualitative and quantitative data to understand trends and patterns for private or public use.

Question 39

Birth rate

Answer 39

Birth rate – Yearly number of live births per 100

Question 40

Death rate

Answer 40

Death rate – yearly number of deaths per 1000

Question 41

National increase rate

Answer 41

Natural increase rate is the difference between birth and death rate. (Birth rate – Death Rate)