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Psychology > unit 4 > Flashcards

unit 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a plasma membrane called?

A

selectively permeable

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2
Q

what does a plasma membrane control?

A

what enters and exits the cell

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3
Q

the plasma membrane is made up of

A

phospholipids

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4
Q

phosphate group
glycerol backbone
two fatty acids

A

phospholipid monomers

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5
Q

what prevents fatty acids from sticking together

A

cholesterol

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6
Q

what helps recognize cells

A

marker proteins

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7
Q

true or false: enzymes speed up chemical reactions on membrane

A

enzymes

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8
Q

these proteins have channels on the middle that allow large molecules to pass through the membrane

A

transport Chanel proteins

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9
Q

true or false: transport proteins allow small molecules to pass through

A

false

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10
Q

what transport does not use energy to transport molecules across the cell membrane

A

passive transport

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11
Q

during passive transport how do the molecules move

A

concentration gradient

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12
Q

true or false:passive transport moves from high low

A

true

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13
Q

diffusion moves what type of molecules across the membrane

A

small molecules

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14
Q

how does diffusion move

A

high to low

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15
Q

diffusion of water

A

osmosis

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16
Q

water enters the cell

A

hypotonic

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17
Q

true or false: hypotonic has a higher concentration of solute on the inside of the cell

A

true

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18
Q

water leaves the cell and causes the cell to get (bigger or smaller)

A

smaller

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19
Q

hypotonic

A

water entering the cell

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20
Q

hypotonic has what type of environment

A

environment has a lower concentration of solute than inside the cell

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21
Q

true or false: water leaves the cell during hypotonic

A

false

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22
Q

why do plant cells become turgid

A

during hypotonic

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23
Q

true or false: animal cells become lysis due to hypotonic

A

true

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24
Q

what solution gives an equal environment to a cell

A

isotonic

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25
Q

does water enter the cell in an isotonic solution

A

yes enters and exits the cell

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26
Q

true or false: an isotonic causes the cell to get bigger

A

false the cell will stay the same size

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27
Q

what type of molecules does facilitated diffusion move

A

large molecules

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28
Q

true or false: facilitated diffusion moves molecules through phospholipids

A

false: through channel proteins

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29
Q

true or false: facilitated move molecules from L to H

A

false: H to L

30
Q

activetranports moves molecules by using what?

A

uses energy

31
Q

how do molecules in active transport move

A

move against the concentration gradients (L to H)

32
Q

true or false: chemical energy is known as adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

A

true

33
Q

what do carrier proteins move

A

vitamins, sodium, and potassium

34
Q

carrier proteins move from what

A

Low to High

35
Q

how does endocytosis moves molecules into the cell

A

they use a vesicle

36
Q

move large quantities if water (root cells)

A

pinocytosis

37
Q

large molecules (viruses)

A

phagocytosis

38
Q

removes large quantities of molecules such as water and proteins via the vesicle

A

exocytosis

39
Q

removes large quantities of waste and proteins

A

exocytosis

40
Q

moves molecules into the cell

A

endocytosis

41
Q

what does photosynthesis makes

A

glucose and oxygen

42
Q

true or false: photosynthesis happens in the chloroplast

A

true

43
Q

where does light reaction happen

A

thylakoid

44
Q

factors that affect photosynthesis

A

water
sunlight
temperature

45
Q

adenoids triphosphate

A

chemical energy in molecules

46
Q

ATP has three parts

A

adenine
ribose sugar
3 phosphate group

47
Q

True or false: ATP cannot use glucose as a source of energy

A

true

48
Q

how do cells use ATP

A

convert glucose into usable energy

49
Q

true or false: glucose is smaller and faster than ATP

A

False: ATP is smaller and faster than glucose

50
Q

what do cells do when energy is needed

A

release the 3rd enzyme in the phosphate group by breaking the bond

51
Q

True or False: ATP is recyclable

A

true

52
Q

how do cells make ATP

A

cellular respiration

53
Q

cellular respiration

A

chemical reaction organism use to turn glucose into chemical energy (ATP)

54
Q

what its the first step of anerobic and aerobic respiration

A

glycolysis

55
Q

where does glycolysis occur

A

cytoplasm

56
Q

what does glycolysis do?

A

breaks cell into 2 ATP

57
Q

Step two of anaerobic respiration

A

fermentation

58
Q

what are the two types of fermentation

A

alcoholic and latic acid

59
Q

what respiration creates zero ATP

A

anaerobic

60
Q

true or false: anaerobic respiration occurs in the vacuole

A

false: happens in the cytoplasm

61
Q

what does alcohol fermentation produce

A

ethyl alcohol and Carbon

62
Q

what does arobic respiration use

A

oxygen

63
Q

does anaerobic respiration use oxygen

A

no

64
Q

how much ATP does aerobic respiration produce

A

36

65
Q

where does aerobic respiration happen

A

mitchochondira

66
Q

where does Krebs cycle happen

A

matrix (inside folds of the mitchochondira)

67
Q

true or false: Krebs cycle happens in aerobic respiration

A

true

68
Q

electron transport does what

A

occurs in the inner membrane if mitchochondria and produces H2o and ATP

69
Q

in total how much ATP is aerobic respiration produced

A

38

70
Q
A

Psychology (3 decks)

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