Unit 4 Flashcards
Who was the LAST filibuster in Texas?
James Long
Who lost the Seven Years War?
France
What did Marques de Rubi recommend?
All Texas missions should be abandoned except for San Antonio and Goliad, and all settlers in East Texas should be moved to San Antonio
What settlement did Gil Y’Barbo found?
Nacogdoches
What year was Nacogdoches founded?
1779
How many colonies rebelled against the British?
13
What year did the colonies rebel against the British?
1776
Who was the Spanish military governor of Louisiana who aided the Americans?
Bernardo de Gálvez
What did Bernardo de Gálvez do to help out the Americans?
He let the American ships use ports in New Orleans, gave them supplies and money, and led the Spanish troops against the British along the coast
What did Spain get for helping the Americans?
Florida
What was the Treaty of Paris?
The U.S. gained recognition as an independent nation
What year did the U.S. purchase Louisiana?
1803
Who did the U.S. purchase Louisiana from?
France
The U.S. now shares a border with who?
Texas
What was the Neutral Ground?
A place where neither the U.S. or Spain owned the land
Why was the Neutral Ground a problem?
Smugglers, outlaws, and fugitives could run here to not get caught because there was no rules
What happened in the Adams-Onis Treaty?
Florida was given to the U.S., the Sabine River was the official boundary between the two territories, and in return, the U.S. promised to leave Texas alone
What year was the Adams-Onis Treaty signed?
1819
What is a filibuster?
Filibusters are people who go to another country and try to take it over by waging war
Who was the FIRST filibuster?
Philip Nolan
What happened to Philip Nolan?
He was catching wild horses, but the Spanish thought he was a spy, and he was killed
Why was life challenging for those who were living in New Spain?
New Spain was too far away from Spain, the Spanish king took money from churches, they had to pay heavy taxes, and colonists were excluded from the best jobs
Who called for Mexican citizens to fight for independence from Spain?
Father Miguel Hidalgo
What does “Grito de Dolores” mean?
“A cry for pain”
When did Father Miguel Hidalgo call for the Mexican citizens?
September 16, 1810
What happened to Father Miguel Hidalgo?
He was captured and executed for treason
What was Father Miguel Hidalgo known as?
The Father of Mexican Independence
Who created The Republican Army of the North?
Jose Bernardo Gutierrez de Lara and Augustus Magee
What was known as the “Bloodiest Battle in Texas History?”
The Battle of Medina
When was the Battle of Medina?
August, 1813
What was the result of the Battle of Medina?
Texas remained under Spanish control for another seven years
Who was Jean Lafitte?
He moved to Galveston claiming to support the rebels, but he was more interested in stealing valuable Spanish cargo
What was on the Plan de Iguala?
It declared Mexico independent from Spain,
Mexican people would have equal rights, and Catholicism would be the official religion of Mexico
What year did Agustin de Iturbide issue his plan?
1820
What were the effects of The Treaty of Cordoba?
Spain is no longer in control of Mexico and Texas became part of a free Mexico
When was the Treaty of Cordoba signed?
August 21, 1821
What year did Mexico gain its independence?
1821
What year did Mexico write its constitution?
1824
What is a federalist?
A person who believed in a weak central government that shares power with states
What is a centralist?
A person who believed in a central government that was stronger than the states
What were the terms in Mexico’s constitution?
The form of government would be a federal republic, Catholicism would be the official religion, Mexico would be divided into 19 states and 4 territories, and Texas would become a part of Coahuila y Tejas.
What is an empresario?
Empresarios were land agents that helped recruit and bring in settlers to an area
What was Moses Austin called?
The “Grandfather of Texas”
What idea did Moses Austin come up with?
Bringing Anglo Americans to settle in Texas
Why did Moses Austin believe that Americans would want to settle in Texas?
There was cheap land
Who was the FIRST empresario?
Stephen F. Austin
What was Stephen F. Austin called?
The “Father of Texas”
Who was sent to help Stephen F. Austin pick land for his settlement?
Erasmo Seguin
Where did Stephen F. Austin choose to build his settlement?
Between the Colorado and Brazos Rivers
The land where Stephen F. Austin chose to settle was very good because…
There was rich soil, water access, and a warm climate which is good for farming.
What was the name of the main city in Stephen F. Austin’s settlement?
San Felipe de Austin
What was the cost per acre in Texas?
12.5 cents
What were the first 300 families from the United States that came to settle in Texas called?
The “Old Three Hundred”
What is an Anglo Settler?
A white settler from America
What were the requirements for settlers?
They must convert to Catholicism, they must become a Spanish/Mexican citizen, and they must be of good, moral character
What was the goal of the Colonization Law of 1825?
To increase population
