Unit 4 Flashcards
what type of succession begins in an area where an ecosystem has been disturbed, removed, or destroyed, that contains soil or bottom sediment
Secondary
Which of the following is true of specialist species?
They can tolerate a narrow range of conditions
A volcano erupts and creates a mountain range that splits a population of rabbits into several smaller, separate populations. After many generations, they are determined to be different species. This is an example of
Geographic isolation
The role a species plays in its ecosystem is it’s
Niche
The entire population of cheetahs evolved from a very small group of thousands of years ago. This population lacks which type of diversity
Genetic Diversity
the higher the species richness, the….
the higher the species richness, the greater the sustainability
Kelp forests play key roles in marine ecosystems, in part by supporting important biodiversity. Because of the decline of the sea otter population, these kelp forest are threatened by
Sea urchins
The American crow is a large passerine bird of the family Corvidae and is a common bird found throughout much of North America. It is most likely to be a
generalist
A square meter of tropical rainforest may contain hundreds of different species while the same area in a may only contain ten different species. This describes the ___ of the biomes
species richness
The earth’s biodiversity is determined by the balance between
Speciation and extinction
Whitetail deer are endemic to central Texas. The extinction of the whitetail deer would affect numerous predators that depend on it as a food source as well as the many producers it consumes. Which of the following apply to the whitetail derry in central Texas
Keystone species and Native Species
The variety in the genetic makeup of individuals in a population is known as
Genetic variability
Each population in an ecosystem has a __ to variations in it’s physical and chemical environment
Range of tolerance
For natural selection to occur, an adaptive trait___
Must be heritable
Using the principles of island biogeography, which of the following characteristics of a nature reserve would result in the highest biodiversity?
Larger size, closer to a wilderness area of the same biome
The process in which individuals with certain traits are more likely to survive and reproduce under a particular set of environmental conditions than are those without the trait is called
Natural selection
The ability of an ecosystem to survive moderate disturbances is termed
persistence
Lichens are mutualistic relationships between fungi and algae that are very sensitive to air pollutants. Minimum levels of air pollutants can destroy a community of lichens. Lichens are serving as ___ species in this scenario.
Indicator
Biological evolution by natural selection involves
Changes in the gene frequencies of a population
Changes in the frequency of some trait in a population
Increased productive fitness
All Changes in the gene frequencies of a population
Changes in the frequency of some trait in a population
Increased productive fitness
The loss of a ____ species can lead to population crashes and extinctions of other species in a community that depends on them for certain ecosystem services
Keystone species
Which of the following represents the optimum range of tolerance for this species of fish
C
The diagram is an example, or model of
Species richness
All of the following could be reasons this species would not survive in zones A and E except
Salinity
FRQ What is one benefit of high biodiversity
healthy, surviving ecosystems, which provides us with food and clean air.
FRQ Characteristics of ecosystems with high biodiversity
wide variety of species, species richness and evens,
bigger food webs
FRQ 2 Human impacts that will reduce biodiversity and how
- overhunting and fishing which kills species sometimes keystone species
- Using the land for construction- kills habitats
FRQ Something natural that affects biodiversity
Wildfires that kill habitats and species
FRQ Provide one explanation for why diseases seldom causes extinction
When species have a high genetic diversity they are able to adapt to diseases and survive then produce more offspring so the disease doesn’t affect them
FRQ Describe two threats (other than WNS) to the survival of the bat species if the total number of bats becomes very small
Competition with other animals with the same job
Hard to reproduce or find other animals to reproduce with since the population is so small
FRQ Bats are found in ecosystems around the world. Describe two ways in which other organisms in an ecosystem could be affected by a decline in a bat population
Increase in the food the bats ate
Decrease in competition for similar niches
FRQ The eastern deciduous forest, in which the little brown bats live, is an important ecosystem. Identify two ecosystems services that forests provide and explain how they benefit human society
Forests provide many resources such as building material and food
Forests also have high biodiversity which helps supports healthy environments that provide oxygen food, and medicine.
FRQ Provide a likely reason for the increase in emerging infectious diseases affecting human populations. Include an explanation for the reason you provided
traveling , spreads diseases if obtained from the country you came from
Climate change- helps bacteria spread and survive in places that they used to not be able to. When it was too cold or too hot and now the weather has changed.
