unit 320- sociology of health, care and wellbeing

Question 1

What is sociology?

Answer 1

the study of people in social groups

Question 2

What is social structure?

Answer 2

A social organisation based on patterns of social
interactions between different relationships, for
example….

Those relationships between:
- Parents and Children,
-Teachers and Students
-Employers & Employees

Question 3

What is social diversity?

Answer 3

difference of people within the group

Question 4

how are people socially diverse?

Answer 4

-age
-gender
-culture
-ethnicity
-social class
- sexual orientation

Question 5

what is socialisation?

Answer 5

Socialisation is the process of learning the skills and attitudes which enable individuals to live easily with other members of the community. It is the process through which people learn the norms and values of society.

Norms are social rules that define correct behaviour
in society.

Values are what are important to an individual or
social group.

Question 6

what are norms and values?

Answer 6

Norms are social rules that define correct behaviour in society.
Values (beliefs) what is important to an individual
or social group.

Question 7

What is Marxism?

Answer 7

Marxism is about the exploitation between social classes lower class and higher class and was developed by Karl Marx.

Question 8

what is feminism? liberal, radical and marxism feminists

Answer 8

Feminism is about a movement of advocacy of women’s rights and equality.

Liberal feminism emphasizes the equal individual rights and freedoms of men and women and downplays gender differences

Radical feminism focuses on male oppression of females both privately and politically

marxist feminism- See women, especially working class women as oppressed by both capitalism and men.

Question 9

What is functionalist theory?

Answer 9

a ‘consensus perspective’ Functionalism is concerned with the whole society and not individuals within it. It explores the ways in which the various parts which make up a society function to maintain social order.

Question 10

sociological perspectives of health care
Marxism
Functionalism
Feminism
Interactionism

Answer 10

Marxism- Doctors work on behalf of capitalism, doctors are agents of this capitalist class, and their high status are the rewards they receive for playing part in maintaining economic ine

Question 11

what is the interactionist studies

Question 12

what are the critics of postmodernism?

Question 13

define:
- Health
- Well-being
- Illness
- Disease

Question 14

whats the difference between illness and disease

Question 15

medicalization and its relationship to health and wellbeing

Question 16

Iatrogenesis and its relationship to health and wellbeing- child poverty

Question 17

differences between impairment, disability , disease and illness

Question 18

what is clinical iceberg

Question 19

medical and social models of health

Question 20

disease burden- congenital diseases

Question 21

what is lay belief of health eg. use of technology to self diagnose

Question 22

what is end of life care

Question 23

What health improvements impact health from the Government

Answer 23

• fluoridation of drinking water
• food safety
• workplace safety

Question 24

individual health improvements impact on health and wellbeing

Answer 24

• improved diet
  -sex education
  -regular exercise
• substance use/misuse
• sleep

Question 25

Health and wellbeing issues which individuals, groups and government face in the 21st century

Answer 25

• ageing population
• non-communicable diseases

Question 26

name the 6 sociological theories of health

Answer 26

• functionalism
• marxism
• feminism
• postmodernism
• symbolic interactionism
• social constructionism

Question 27

what is functionalism? explain these terminology linked to it value consesnus, function/dysfunction, core values and sick role

Answer 27

Functionalism is often referred to as ‘consensus perspective’ theory because it envisages an ideal
picture of harmonious social relationships with shared core values.

The theory that various social institutions and
processes in society exist to serve some important
(or necessary) function to keep society running

Emile Durkheim suggests an analogy between the way a biological organism works and the way
society works. In a living thing various organs work together in order to maintain a healthy whole.

Talcott Parsons believed that order, stability and cooperation in society are based on value
consensus,

The concept of the ‘sick role’ was developed by a sociologist called Talcott Parsons
(1951).
According to Parsons, doctors have an important function in society – they control
the amount of time people take off work and family duties.
Parsons said that people take on a ‘sick role’.

While a person is sick they’re allowed to stop functioning in their normal role.
They don’t have responsibility for making themselves better – but they are expected to want to get better and to do what the doctor tells them.

Question 28

What is Marxism? explain these terminology bourgeoisie, proletariat, false consciousness, capiatlism and medicalisation

Answer 28

Marx views society as being unequally divided in classes . capitalism The groups who control or have power are called the bourgeoisie and those who work or sell their labour for wages are called the proletariat.

a way of thinking that prevents a person from perceiving the true nature of their social or economic situation. for example the media, are used to brainwash the proletariat into believing that
the current organisation of society is beneficial to all. A ‘false consciousness’ is created which is a
fake view that society is as it should be.

Question 29

what is Feminism? explain these terminology patriarchy, glass ceiling, gender inequality

Answer 29

the advocacy of women’s rights on the basis of the equality of the sexes.

Ann aokley a sociologist who has contrinuted into feminism

• Patriarchy: ruled by the men
• glass ceiling: invisible barrier that prevents certain individuals from being promoted to managerial- and executive-level positions within an organization or industry.
• gender inequality

Question 30

what is Post modernism? explain these terminology Obsolescence and modernisation

Question 31

What is symbolic interactionism? explain these terminology symbols, social stereotyping, stigma, subjective experience of illness

Question 32

What is social constructionism? Explain these terminology labels, deviancy and mental illness, mortification, changing interpretations, knowledge and learnt behaviours

Question 33

What is sociological theory?

Answer 33

A sociological theory is a way of looking at how
society operates.

Sociological theory allows us to look at a single
situation and take away multiple meanings

Question 34

sociologist Talcott parsons

Answer 34

Talcott Parsons

• Parsons argued that modern societies have a capitalist economy but they also contain non-capitalist social structures
• The medical profession is one such structure
• Medical professionals are motivated by factors other than making money such as caring for patients
• They act in the interests of the whole community by treating patients in a non-judgemental way
• Without this function capitalist society would run down individuals
• The other function that medicine provides is to regulate deviance and to prevent individuals who may try to escape their social role