unit 320- sociology of health, care and wellbeing Flashcards
What is sociology?
the study of people in social groups
What is social structure?
A social organisation based on patterns of social
interactions between different relationships, for
example….
Those relationships between:
- Parents and Children,
-Teachers and Students
-Employers & Employees
What is social diversity?
difference of people within the group
how are people socially diverse?
-age
-gender
-culture
-ethnicity
-social class
- sexual orientation
what is socialisation?
Socialisation is the process of learning the skills and attitudes which enable individuals to live easily with other members of the community. It is the process through which people learn the norms and values of society.
Norms are social rules that define correct behaviour
in society.
Values are what are important to an individual or
social group.
what are norms and values?
Norms are social rules that define correct behaviour in society.
Values (beliefs) what is important to an individual
or social group.
What is Marxism?
Marxism is about the exploitation between social classes lower class and higher class and was developed by Karl Marx.
what is feminism? liberal, radical and marxism feminists
Feminism is about a movement of advocacy of women’s rights and equality.
Liberal feminism emphasizes the equal individual rights and freedoms of men and women and downplays gender differences
Radical feminism focuses on male oppression of females both privately and politically
marxist feminism- See women, especially working class women as oppressed by both capitalism and men.
What is functionalist theory?
a ‘consensus perspective’ Functionalism is concerned with the whole society and not individuals within it. It explores the ways in which the various parts which make up a society function to maintain social order.
sociological perspectives of health care
Marxism
Functionalism
Feminism
Interactionism
Marxism- Doctors work on behalf of capitalism, doctors are agents of this capitalist class, and their high status are the rewards they receive for playing part in maintaining economic ine
what is the interactionist studies
what are the critics of postmodernism?
define:
- Health
- Well-being
- Illness
- Disease
whats the difference between illness and disease
medicalization and its relationship to health and wellbeing
Iatrogenesis and its relationship to health and wellbeing- child poverty
differences between impairment, disability , disease and illness
what is clinical iceberg
medical and social models of health
disease burden- congenital diseases
what is lay belief of health eg. use of technology to self diagnose
what is end of life care
What health improvements impact health from the Government
- fluoridation of drinking water
- food safety
- workplace safety
individual health improvements impact on health and wellbeing
- improved diet
-sex education
-regular exercise - substance use/misuse
- sleep
Health and wellbeing issues which individuals, groups and government face in the 21st century
- ageing population
- non-communicable diseases
name the 6 sociological theories of health
- functionalism
- marxism
- feminism
- postmodernism
- symbolic interactionism
- social constructionism
what is functionalism? explain these terminology linked to it value consesnus, function/dysfunction, core values and sick role
Functionalism is often referred to as ‘consensus perspective’ theory because it envisages an ideal
picture of harmonious social relationships with shared core values.
The theory that various social institutions and
processes in society exist to serve some important
(or necessary) function to keep society running
Emile Durkheim suggests an analogy between the way a biological organism works and the way
society works. In a living thing various organs work together in order to maintain a healthy whole.
Talcott Parsons believed that order, stability and cooperation in society are based on value
consensus,
The concept of the ‘sick role’ was developed by a sociologist called Talcott Parsons
(1951).
According to Parsons, doctors have an important function in society – they control
the amount of time people take off work and family duties.
Parsons said that people take on a ‘sick role’.
While a person is sick they’re allowed to stop functioning in their normal role.
They don’t have responsibility for making themselves better – but they are expected to want to get better and to do what the doctor tells them.
What is Marxism? explain these terminology bourgeoisie, proletariat, false consciousness, capiatlism and medicalisation
Marx views society as being unequally divided in classes . capitalism The groups who control or have power are called the bourgeoisie and those who work or sell their labour for wages are called the proletariat.
a way of thinking that prevents a person from perceiving the true nature of their social or economic situation. for example the media, are used to brainwash the proletariat into believing that
the current organisation of society is beneficial to all. A ‘false consciousness’ is created which is a
fake view that society is as it should be.
what is Feminism? explain these terminology patriarchy, glass ceiling, gender inequality
the advocacy of women’s rights on the basis of the equality of the sexes.
Ann aokley a sociologist who has contrinuted into feminism
- Patriarchy: ruled by the men
- glass ceiling: invisible barrier that prevents certain individuals from being promoted to managerial- and executive-level positions within an organization or industry.
- gender inequality
what is Post modernism? explain these terminology Obsolescence and modernisation
What is symbolic interactionism? explain these terminology symbols, social stereotyping, stigma, subjective experience of illness
What is social constructionism? Explain these terminology labels, deviancy and mental illness, mortification, changing interpretations, knowledge and learnt behaviours
What is sociological theory?
A sociological theory is a way of looking at how
society operates.
Sociological theory allows us to look at a single
situation and take away multiple meanings
sociologist Talcott parsons
Talcott Parsons
- Parsons argued that modern societies have a capitalist economy but they also contain non-capitalist social structures
- The medical profession is one such structure
- Medical professionals are motivated by factors other than making money such as caring for patients
- They act in the interests of the whole community by treating patients in a non-judgemental way
- Without this function capitalist society would run down individuals
- The other function that medicine provides is to regulate deviance and to prevent individuals who may try to escape their social role
