UNIT 315 Flashcards
1
Q
What category of sugars is the most responsible for dental caries?
A
Non milk extrinsic
2
Q
Name 3 secondary causes of periodontal disease
A
- Pregnancy
- Diabetes
- Epileptic drugs
- Xerostomia
- Smoking
3
Q
Ratio of bacteria to interbaterial substances in plaque
A
70:30
4
Q
Bacteria are attached to the surface of the teeth as a result of which glycol-protein later deposited first on the teeth?
A
Salivary/acquired pellicle
5
Q
Which of the following toothpaste ingredients has the most effects on suppressing the formation of plaque?
A
Triclosan
6
Q
Triclosan
A
- active ingredients in toothpaste to fight periodontal disease
7
Q
Biological enzymes
A
Included in toothpaste to help with stain removal
8
Q
Sodium fluoride
A
Increase tooth resistance to acid attack
9
Q
Sodium saccharine
A
Added to toothpaste to give a pleasant taste to the product
10
Q
3 examples of topical fluoride
A
Varnish Gel Foam Toothpaste Mouthwash
11
Q
Topical fluoride
A
Applied directly to teeth
12
Q
Fluoride varnish advantages
A
Targeted on area
High dosage
13
Q
Topical fluoride disadvantage
A
Only available in surgery
Easily washed away
14
Q
Tablets advantages
A
Home medication once a day
Know the dose taken
15
Q
Tablets disadvantage
A
Easily forgotten
16
Q
Water supply
A
1 ppm
17
Q
Which instrument is used to remove supragingival interproximal calculus?
A
Push scaler
18
Q
Periodontal hoe
A
Removing sub gingival and affected cementum
19
Q
Name five signs of inflammation
A
Redness pain swelling heat loss of function
20
Q
Which micro organism initiates the process of dental Caries?
A
Streptococcus mutants
21
Q
What is an abscess?
A
A collection of pus which is made of dead white blood cells and bacteria
22
Q
Think of two social factors that can affect oral health
A
Poverty/socio economic status
environment/ culture deprivation
23
Q
PH level of mouth
A
7
24
Q
Stephen curve
A
- Graph plotted on the pH level of the mouth
- The graph for show food intake will reduce pH level in the mouth to a level bad for teeth and then rises again with time
- The pH level at neutral in the mouth is seven and every time it drops below 5.5 it seems to be critical and acid attack happens
25
Super floss
Cleaning under bridge Pontic ( or ortho appliance)
26
Disclosing tablets
Show up areas of plaque
27
Interdental brush
Clean between teeth or under ortho appliance
28
What is the best way to deliver oral health advice about tooth brushing and flossing?
Skill - therefore demonstration (lead on with caries)
29
Gives three examples of topical fluoride
Gel
Toothpaste
Mouthwash
Varnish
30
Apart from water, state two other ways you can introduce systemic fluoride
Tablets or drops
31
Varnish advantage
Targeted on area
| High dosage
32
Disadvantage fluoride
Only available in surgery
| Easy washed away
33
Tablets advantage
Home medication once a day
| Know the dose taken
34
Disadvantage tablets
Easily forgotten
35
What is the optimum concentration of fluoride when added to the water supply?
1ppm
36
Give two examples of visual aids that could be used to motivate a teenager with high decay rate to improve their oral hygiene
Models
Pictures of celebs
Leaflets
37
What is the most suitable matrix system to use when placing a class V restoration?
Cellulode (clear) cervical strip
38
Class I
Cavities on the occlusal surface of premolars and molars
39
Class II
Cavities Extends to two surfaces (MO or DO) on molars and ore molars
40
Class III
One surface cavity occurs mesial or distal on anteriors
41
Class IV (4)
Cavities on 2 surfaces extends into the incisor edge on anterior teeth (MI OR DI)
42
Class V
Will be buccal, palatal, lingual surfaces
Subgingival/occurs at the cervical margin of the tooth on any tooth
Likely to be filled with GIC
43
Class (VI) 6
Cavities on the Incisal edge of anterior teeth or occlusal cusp of posterior teeth
44
Dental enamel may be etched prior to the placement of a fissure sealant with which acid?
Phosphoric acid (ortho phosphoric acid)
45
Which lining material promotes secondary Dentine?
Calcium hydroxide
46
Impression paste and kalzinol have what in common
Zinc oxide eugenol
47
The greatest hazard from the use of mercury in the dental surgery is
Inhalation of fumes
48
Name the constituents in the amalgam alloy?
Silver, tin copper & sometimes zinc
Must be 69% silver
Alloy= powder only
49
Which organ does mercury poisoning affect?
Kidney
50
Effects of mercury toxicity on the body
- mercury binds to sulphydryl groups and inactivated key enzymes involved in preventing oxidative damage
- kidneys are most effective and lead to renal failure
- can also lead to brain damage
51
How can mercury first affect the body?
Brain - neurological (nerve) damage
52
What is an operculectomy?
Removal of operculum - gingivae that covers unerupted 8’s
53
Austin buccal retractor
To hold back flap
54
Periosteal elevator
To raise mucoperiosteal flap
55
Bone rongeurs
Removal of bone
| Alveolectomy
56
Anaesthetic
To block electrical nerve transmissions to the brain
57
Sterile water
Acts to carry the solution for the other constituents and makes up the bulk of the cartridge
58
Buffering agents
Maintain the contents of the cartridge to a beau real PH 7.5 so they are neither acid or alkaline and do not irritate the soft tissues
59
Preservative
To give the adequate shelf life
60
Vasoconstrictor
Present in some types of LA and acts to prolong the action of the anaesthetic by closing local blood vessels so the solution is not carries so quickly into the blood stream
61
How much adrenaline is in lignocaine/xylocaine?
1:80,000
62
What is an injection called which is placed into the periodontal ligament of a tooth?
Intraligamentary
63
What is a self aspirating cartridge used for?
Prevent arterial injection
64
Which symptoms are signs of inflammation?
Pain and loss of function
65
What happens once a tooth has been root filled?
Tooth becomes brittle
Darken in colour
May require crowning to prevent fractures and possible XLA
66
How many ways to fill gaps/ missing teeth can you name?
```
Denture
Implant
Canter lever bridge
Resin retained bridge
Bonded bridge
```
67
List two reasons why a temporary crown or bridge is used?
Retain space
Over eruption
Stop sensitivity
68
What does class 3 malocclusion mean?
Reverse over jet
Retroclined incisors
Mandible bigger than maxilla
69
What does class 2 div 1 malocclusion mean?
Proclined incisors
| Maxilla bigger than mandible
70
Removable appliance
Titling teeth
71
Fixed
Bodily move teeth
Derotate
Pull teeth in different directions
72
Functional
Muscles move
73
Retainer
Stabilise
74
Which of the following oral lesions may be presented cancerous?
Leukoplakia
75
Which is the following conditions is more prevalent in elderly patients?
Gingival recession
76
A diet which is high in saturated fats can lead to an increased risk of
Strokes
77
Which filling material requires undercuts for retention
Amalgam
78
Which type of foil can be used to mop up a small mercury spillage?
Lead
79
Which instrument is used to remove subgingival calculus?
Periodontal hoe
80
Why is a shield used during the polymerisation of a restoration?
To prevent damage to the retina of the eye
81
What type of matrix band is used for an amalgam filling?
Metal
82
Which prosthesis requires a metal framework try in?
Chrome cobalt denture
83
Which is the most effective option for replacing a missing tooth?
Implant
84
What is a temporary crown on a root treated tooth used to prevent?
Over eruption
85
Which is the most effective option for replacing multiple missing teeth?
Dentures
86
What is an advantage of using a fluoride toothpaste?
Increased enamel resistance
87
What is used to clean root canals?
Sodium hypochlorite
88
What are periosteal elevators used for?
Raising a flap
89
Why is a sinus floor lift operation carried out?
To create space for a implant
90
Following ended on tic treatment a tooth will become
Brittle
91
What is total removal of the pulp called?
Pulpectomy
92
What is one of the first stages of fitting a fixed orthodontic appliance?
Molar bands are cemented in position
93
What is advised for cleaning a fixed bridge?
Super floss
94
What is the first action of equipment fails?
Disconnect the equipment
95
Which material is used to take an impression for a reline?
Zinc oxide and eugenol paste
96
What does the preparation of a post crown require?
A root filled tooth
97
When is a long needle used during local anaesthetic?
Nerve block
98
What is the most important reason for moisture control?
To allow greater visibility
99
Which is the most effective way dental staff can deliver an oral health message to children under 10?
Give them a printed handout
100
Which are the symptoms of inflammation?
Pain and loss of function
101
Which one of the following terms is used to describe a disease condition involving inflammation of the supporting structure of the tooth?
Periodontitis
102
Which one of the following microorganisms is not involved with the production of the weak organic acids associated with enamel demineralisation?
Staphylococcus aureus
103
Example of a non milk extrinsic sugar
Dextrose
104
Which one of the following areas in the oral cavity is least effectively cleaned by manual tooth brushing?
Interdental area
105
Which one of the following moisture control techniques is the most successful at preventing tooth contamination during endodontic treatment?
Rubber dam
106
Which one of the following hand instruments is most likely to be used to place and contour composite filling material into an anterior tooth cavity?
Flat plastic
107
Which one is the correct classification of the email-palatal cavity in the upper right lateral incisor?
Class III
108
Use of a spoon excavator during dental procedure?
Remove softened Dentine
109
Which one of the following options is not a typical use of a mouth mirror during dental procedures?
Detect overhangs
110
What instruments is used to extirpate pulp contents during endodontic treatment?
Barbed broach
111
What burr is used during inlay prep to ensure no undercuts are produced?
Tapered fissure bur
112
What’s a reason for restoring a permanent tooth but not necessarily a deciduous tooth?
Aesthetics
113
What appliance is used to close an anatomical defect of the oral cavity that has been left following surgery?
Obturator
114
What material is not suitable for an inlay construction?
Glass ionomer
115
What’s a likely option for a patient to be provided with tooth discolouration?
Veneers
