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UNIT 315 > UNIT 315 > Flashcards

UNIT 315 Flashcards

1
Q

What category of sugars is the most responsible for dental caries?

A

Non milk extrinsic

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2
Q

Name 3 secondary causes of periodontal disease

A
  • Pregnancy
  • Diabetes
  • Epileptic drugs
  • Xerostomia
  • Smoking
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3
Q

Ratio of bacteria to interbaterial substances in plaque

A

70:30

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4
Q

Bacteria are attached to the surface of the teeth as a result of which glycol-protein later deposited first on the teeth?

A

Salivary/acquired pellicle

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5
Q

Which of the following toothpaste ingredients has the most effects on suppressing the formation of plaque?

A

Triclosan

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6
Q

Triclosan

A
  • active ingredients in toothpaste to fight periodontal disease
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7
Q

Biological enzymes

A

Included in toothpaste to help with stain removal

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8
Q

Sodium fluoride

A

Increase tooth resistance to acid attack

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9
Q

Sodium saccharine

A

Added to toothpaste to give a pleasant taste to the product

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10
Q

3 examples of topical fluoride

A 
Varnish 
Gel 
Foam 
Toothpaste 
Mouthwash
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11
Q

Topical fluoride

A

Applied directly to teeth

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12
Q

Fluoride varnish advantages

A

Targeted on area

High dosage

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13
Q

Topical fluoride disadvantage

A

Only available in surgery

Easily washed away

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14
Q

Tablets advantages

A

Home medication once a day

Know the dose taken

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15
Q

Tablets disadvantage

A

Easily forgotten

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16
Q

Water supply

A

1 ppm

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17
Q

Which instrument is used to remove supragingival interproximal calculus?

A

Push scaler

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18
Q

Periodontal hoe

A

Removing sub gingival and affected cementum

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19
Q

Name five signs of inflammation

A 
Redness
 pain 
swelling 
heat 
loss of function
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20
Q

Which micro organism initiates the process of dental Caries?

A

Streptococcus mutants

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21
Q

What is an abscess?

A

A collection of pus which is made of dead white blood cells and bacteria

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22
Q

Think of two social factors that can affect oral health

A

Poverty/socio economic status

environment/ culture deprivation

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23
Q

PH level of mouth

A

7

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24
Q

Stephen curve

A
  • Graph plotted on the pH level of the mouth
  • The graph for show food intake will reduce pH level in the mouth to a level bad for teeth and then rises again with time
  • The pH level at neutral in the mouth is seven and every time it drops below 5.5 it seems to be critical and acid attack happens
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25
Q

Super floss

A

Cleaning under bridge Pontic ( or ortho appliance)

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26
Q

Disclosing tablets

A

Show up areas of plaque

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27
Q

Interdental brush

A

Clean between teeth or under ortho appliance

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28
Q

What is the best way to deliver oral health advice about tooth brushing and flossing?

A

Skill - therefore demonstration (lead on with caries)

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29
Q

Gives three examples of topical fluoride

A

Gel
Toothpaste
Mouthwash
Varnish

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30
Q

Apart from water, state two other ways you can introduce systemic fluoride

A

Tablets or drops

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31
Q

Varnish advantage

A

Targeted on area

High dosage

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32
Q

Disadvantage fluoride

A

Only available in surgery

Easy washed away

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33
Q

Tablets advantage

A

Home medication once a day

Know the dose taken

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34
Q

Disadvantage tablets

A

Easily forgotten

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35
Q

What is the optimum concentration of fluoride when added to the water supply?

A

1ppm

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36
Q

Give two examples of visual aids that could be used to motivate a teenager with high decay rate to improve their oral hygiene

A

Models
Pictures of celebs
Leaflets

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37
Q

What is the most suitable matrix system to use when placing a class V restoration?

A

Cellulode (clear) cervical strip

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38
Q

Class I

A

Cavities on the occlusal surface of premolars and molars

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39
Q

Class II

A

Cavities Extends to two surfaces (MO or DO) on molars and ore molars

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40
Q

Class III

A

One surface cavity occurs mesial or distal on anteriors

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41
Q

Class IV (4)

A

Cavities on 2 surfaces extends into the incisor edge on anterior teeth (MI OR DI)

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42
Q

Class V

A

Will be buccal, palatal, lingual surfaces
Subgingival/occurs at the cervical margin of the tooth on any tooth
Likely to be filled with GIC

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43
Q

Class (VI) 6

A

Cavities on the Incisal edge of anterior teeth or occlusal cusp of posterior teeth

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44
Q

Dental enamel may be etched prior to the placement of a fissure sealant with which acid?

A

Phosphoric acid (ortho phosphoric acid)

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45
Q

Which lining material promotes secondary Dentine?

A

Calcium hydroxide

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46
Q

Impression paste and kalzinol have what in common

A

Zinc oxide eugenol

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47
Q

The greatest hazard from the use of mercury in the dental surgery is

A

Inhalation of fumes

48
Q

Name the constituents in the amalgam alloy?

A

Silver, tin copper & sometimes zinc
Must be 69% silver
Alloy= powder only

49
Q

Which organ does mercury poisoning affect?

A

Kidney

50
Q

Effects of mercury toxicity on the body

A
  • mercury binds to sulphydryl groups and inactivated key enzymes involved in preventing oxidative damage
  • kidneys are most effective and lead to renal failure
  • can also lead to brain damage
51
Q

How can mercury first affect the body?

A

Brain - neurological (nerve) damage

52
Q

What is an operculectomy?

A

Removal of operculum - gingivae that covers unerupted 8’s

53
Q

Austin buccal retractor

A

To hold back flap

54
Q

Periosteal elevator

A

To raise mucoperiosteal flap

55
Q

Bone rongeurs

A

Removal of bone

Alveolectomy

56
Q

Anaesthetic

A

To block electrical nerve transmissions to the brain

57
Q

Sterile water

A

Acts to carry the solution for the other constituents and makes up the bulk of the cartridge

58
Q

Buffering agents

A

Maintain the contents of the cartridge to a beau real PH 7.5 so they are neither acid or alkaline and do not irritate the soft tissues

59
Q

Preservative

A

To give the adequate shelf life

60
Q

Vasoconstrictor

A

Present in some types of LA and acts to prolong the action of the anaesthetic by closing local blood vessels so the solution is not carries so quickly into the blood stream

61
Q

How much adrenaline is in lignocaine/xylocaine?

A

1:80,000

62
Q

What is an injection called which is placed into the periodontal ligament of a tooth?

A

Intraligamentary

63
Q

What is a self aspirating cartridge used for?

A

Prevent arterial injection

64
Q

Which symptoms are signs of inflammation?

A

Pain and loss of function

65
Q

What happens once a tooth has been root filled?

A

Tooth becomes brittle
Darken in colour
May require crowning to prevent fractures and possible XLA

66
Q

How many ways to fill gaps/ missing teeth can you name?

A 
Denture 
Implant
Canter lever bridge 
Resin retained bridge 
Bonded bridge
67
Q

List two reasons why a temporary crown or bridge is used?

A

Retain space
Over eruption
Stop sensitivity

68
Q

What does class 3 malocclusion mean?

A

Reverse over jet
Retroclined incisors
Mandible bigger than maxilla

69
Q

What does class 2 div 1 malocclusion mean?

A

Proclined incisors

Maxilla bigger than mandible

70
Q

Removable appliance

A

Titling teeth

71
Q

Fixed

A

Bodily move teeth
Derotate
Pull teeth in different directions

72
Q

Functional

A

Muscles move

73
Q

Retainer

A

Stabilise

74
Q

Which of the following oral lesions may be presented cancerous?

A

Leukoplakia

75
Q

Which is the following conditions is more prevalent in elderly patients?

A

Gingival recession

76
Q

A diet which is high in saturated fats can lead to an increased risk of

A

Strokes

77
Q

Which filling material requires undercuts for retention

A

Amalgam

78
Q

Which type of foil can be used to mop up a small mercury spillage?

A

Lead

79
Q

Which instrument is used to remove subgingival calculus?

A

Periodontal hoe

80
Q

Why is a shield used during the polymerisation of a restoration?

A

To prevent damage to the retina of the eye

81
Q

What type of matrix band is used for an amalgam filling?

A

Metal

82
Q

Which prosthesis requires a metal framework try in?

A

Chrome cobalt denture

83
Q

Which is the most effective option for replacing a missing tooth?

A

Implant

84
Q

What is a temporary crown on a root treated tooth used to prevent?

A

Over eruption

85
Q

Which is the most effective option for replacing multiple missing teeth?

A

Dentures

86
Q

What is an advantage of using a fluoride toothpaste?

A

Increased enamel resistance

87
Q

What is used to clean root canals?

A

Sodium hypochlorite

88
Q

What are periosteal elevators used for?

A

Raising a flap

89
Q

Why is a sinus floor lift operation carried out?

A

To create space for a implant

90
Q

Following ended on tic treatment a tooth will become

A

Brittle

91
Q

What is total removal of the pulp called?

A

Pulpectomy

92
Q

What is one of the first stages of fitting a fixed orthodontic appliance?

A

Molar bands are cemented in position

93
Q

What is advised for cleaning a fixed bridge?

A

Super floss

94
Q

What is the first action of equipment fails?

A

Disconnect the equipment

95
Q

Which material is used to take an impression for a reline?

A

Zinc oxide and eugenol paste

96
Q

What does the preparation of a post crown require?

A

A root filled tooth

97
Q

When is a long needle used during local anaesthetic?

A

Nerve block

98
Q

What is the most important reason for moisture control?

A

To allow greater visibility

99
Q

Which is the most effective way dental staff can deliver an oral health message to children under 10?

A

Give them a printed handout

100
Q

Which are the symptoms of inflammation?

A

Pain and loss of function

101
Q

Which one of the following terms is used to describe a disease condition involving inflammation of the supporting structure of the tooth?

A

Periodontitis

102
Q

Which one of the following microorganisms is not involved with the production of the weak organic acids associated with enamel demineralisation?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

103
Q

Example of a non milk extrinsic sugar

A

Dextrose

104
Q

Which one of the following areas in the oral cavity is least effectively cleaned by manual tooth brushing?

A

Interdental area

105
Q

Which one of the following moisture control techniques is the most successful at preventing tooth contamination during endodontic treatment?

A

Rubber dam

106
Q

Which one of the following hand instruments is most likely to be used to place and contour composite filling material into an anterior tooth cavity?

A

Flat plastic

107
Q

Which one is the correct classification of the email-palatal cavity in the upper right lateral incisor?

A

Class III

108
Q

Use of a spoon excavator during dental procedure?

A

Remove softened Dentine

109
Q

Which one of the following options is not a typical use of a mouth mirror during dental procedures?

A

Detect overhangs

110
Q

What instruments is used to extirpate pulp contents during endodontic treatment?

A

Barbed broach

111
Q

What burr is used during inlay prep to ensure no undercuts are produced?

A

Tapered fissure bur

112
Q

What’s a reason for restoring a permanent tooth but not necessarily a deciduous tooth?

A

Aesthetics

113
Q

What appliance is used to close an anatomical defect of the oral cavity that has been left following surgery?

A

Obturator

114
Q

What material is not suitable for an inlay construction?

A

Glass ionomer

115
Q

What’s a likely option for a patient to be provided with tooth discolouration?

A

Veneers

UNIT 315 (2 decks)

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