Unit 308 - restorations, endo, oral health, xla Flashcards
You can prevent and control perio disease by:
scaling and polishing
debridement
To prevent and control caries use:
fissure sealants
flouride treatments
You can restore cavities using:
temporary restorations (cavit)
Amalgam
composite
Glass ionomer
What is SUPRAGINGIVAL?
Above the gumline
What is SUBGINGIVAL?
Below the gumline
What is the difference between topical and systemic flouride?
TOPICAL - applied externally to the tooth
SYSTEMIC - ingested and incorporated into the tooth from within
What is this instrument?
Subgingival Curette
What is this instrument?
Sickle scaler
When would you use a Gates Glidden drill?
To access the root canal
When does plaque formation start?
After toothbrushing
The Maryland Bridge is a type of fixed restoration used to replace missing anterior teeth in particular. What is the advantage of this type of bridge over more conventional bridges?
It conserves tooth tissue
What instrument would remove supra calculus?
Sickle scaler
Following surgery for oral cancer, an anatomical defect may be left in the patient’s oral cavity, which can be successfully closed by wearing a special appliance. Which term describes this type of appliance?
Obturator
What Black’s Classification requires the use of a metal matrix system when placing a restoration?
Class II
A dental nurse may be required to retract the mucoperiosteal flap during minor oral surgery. What is the appropriate instrument to use?
periosteal elevator
What is the best advantage for a composite restoration?
Aesthetics
What syringe is used for an intra-ligamental?
Ligmaject syringe
What is the effect of smoking on oral health?
Delays healing
Which is an example of systemic fluoride?
Fluoride tablets
A patient has had a full gold crown fitted on the lower left second molar tooth, but experiences discomfort in the tooth when closing the mouth fully. Which item is required to solve the problem?
Articulating paper
Endodonic treatment involves various procedures on teeth. Which one endodontic procedures involves a retrograde root filling?
Apicectomy
Before taking an impression of a tooth which has been prepared for a crown, the dentist ensures that the preparation margins are clearly visible. Which instruments is used for this purpose?
Retraction cord
Zinc oxide and eugenol cement is a versatile and widely used material in dentistry, with various different uses. Which situation would this material not be used?
Lining under composite
Which type of local anaesthetic administration technique will usually require the use of an aspirating syringe, anaesthetic cartridge and a long 27 gauge needle?
Nerve block
What is the description of a Class II cavity in a tooth?
Involves two surfaces of a posterior tooth
What is the correct meaning of DMF?
Decayed, missing and filled
Which disease process presents as a slow-growing abnormal sac of fluid within the body tissues?
Cyst
Which area in the oral cavity is least effectively cleaned by manual toothbrushing?
Interdental area
What is the correct constitution of acid etchant that is used during a restorative procedure using a composite material?
33% phosphoric acid
What is the first action that must be carried out to an alginate impression that has just been removed from the patients mouth to render it safe to be handled by laboratory staff?
Rinse under running water to remove gross debris
What is the most likely presentation of an early carious area in a tooth?
White spot lesion
What is an example of a non-milk extrinsic sugar?
Dextrose
Which instrument is correctly used to extirpate the pulp contents during endodontic treatment?
Barbed broach
What is duraphat dental suspension?
This is a topical flouride application.
A thick mix….
sets quicker than a thin mix
Why do we retract soft tissues during procedures?
This avoids damage to the soft tissues and also provides good vision for the dentist
What four moisure control techniques can be used during restorations?
High speed aspiration
Saliva ejector
Use of cotton rolls
rubber dam
What does irrigation do during the restoration procedure?
Irrigation comes from the high speed handpiece during the cavity access and preparation. it prevents heat damage to the tooth
A perforation of the maxillary sinus with an endodontic file is
an oro-antral fistula
What is the best way to improve the oral hygiene to a teenager?
Interaction
Following an extraction of the upper right first and second molar teeth, you are asked to give the patient his postoperative instructions. Which activity is likely to result in a reactionary haemorrhage if your advice is ignored?
Rinsing the mouth
What is the best form of topical fluoride to use at home?
toothpaste
What is the advantage of glass ionomer?
adheres to the tooth surface
When is a short (30g) needle used?
Infiltration
The primary function of a lining material is to …..
reduce post-operative sensitivity
What ingredient of amalgam is considered to be hazardous?
Mercury
It is not always possible for patients to brush their teeth after every meal, especially when away from home at lunchtime. The dental team will then advise the use of detergent food to help remove loose food debris at the end of the meal. Which food should be recommended to patients?
Carrots
celery
Which risk factor is associated with caries and obesity?
High-sugar diet
What is the correct classification of a mesio-palatal cavity in the upper right lateral incisor?
Class III
Which restorative materials is not suitable for use as a temporary filling material in a deciduous tooth?
Zinc polycarboxylate
Which moisture control techniques is the most successful at preventing tooth contamination during endodontic treatment?
Rubber dam
What is a reason for restoring a permanent tooth but not necessarily a deciduous tooth?
Aesthetics
A permanent tooth is undergoing restoration by filling. What is the correct sequence of events in this procedure?
Caries removal, shaping, lining and filling
A tooth may require one of the several types of endodontic treatment to avoid extraction. Which type of treatment involves the use of endodontic files during its completion?
Pulpectomy
What is the main benefit to the patient of having a missing tooth replaced by an implant rather than a bridge?
Single tooth involvement
A class II cavity has been prepared for amalgam restoration in an upper molar tooth. Which item must be used by the operator before the filling can be placed?
Matrix outfit
Identify this instrument that would be used to complete the elevation of a mucoperiosteal flap?
periosteal elevator
This local anaesthetic syringe would be used to administer which type of injection?
Intra-ligamental
Name this instrument that would be used to extirpate pulpal soft tissue.
Barbed broach
Name these forceps and their use
Miller forceps for holding articulating paper
Name this rotary endodontic instrument
Paste filler
Name this instrument
Adams pliers
Name this instrument
Finger spreader - spread endo paste
The three main oral diseases that are commonly seen in the dental workplace are caries, gingivitis and periodontitis. What is a causative factor in all three of these diseases?
Dental plaque biofilm
Many oral health risk factors are also linked to general health issues. What risk factor is associated with enamel erosion, a form of non-carious tooth surface loss?
Bulimia
A regular patient at the dental workplace has been diagnosed with several early carious lesions during their recall appointment, so a discussion about dietary habits and changes ensues. Which seemingly healthy product is most likely to be revealed as a source of free sugars in their diet?
Fruit smoothies
Dental caries and periodontal disease are the main oral diseases that may result in tooth loss in humans. There are several preventive measures that can be undertaken by the patient and the dental team. Which preventive measure will help reduce the incidence of both caries and periodontal disease for the patient?
Control plaque biofilm build-up
95% of toothpastes in the UK contain fluoride, usually as sodium monofluorophosphate and sodium fluoride. For adult patients, what is the current recommended level of fluoride in general toothpastes, as parts per million (ppm)?
1450°ppm
A patient has attended for an oral health examination with the dentist and a BPE score of 4 has been found in the lower left sextant of their mouth. Which action is most likely to be carried out for this patient in an effort to reduce the BPE score?
Subgingival debridement
Zinc oxide and eugenol cement is a versatile material, having many uses in dentistry. What is not one of its recognised uses?
Luting cement - no adhesive properties
A 9-year-old patient attends the dental workplace as a dental emergency following a blow to the face during a football match. The upper right central incisor is seen to be slightly out of line with its neighbours and a traumatic injury is suspected. What treatment is most likely to be undertaken for this tooth if it becomes discoloured in the near future?
Open apex root filling
Various restorative materials are constantly being developed to provide long-lasting and aesthetic restorations. What is a specific advantage of modern composite materials over other restoratives?
Reinforces strength of restored tooth
The hydrodynamic theory of dentine sensitivity suggests that most post-restorative pain occurs due to microleakage. Which liner is most effective at reducing this microleakage effect?
Dentine bond
Glass ionomer cements have several uses in dentistry, including as a cavity liner where it is placed in the deepest part of a cavity over the roof of the pulp chamber before restoration. Which propertie is the specific reason why the material is used in this situation?
Non-irritant
During the procedure of root canal therapy, the dentist uses various specialised instruments which have been designed to work within the root canal itself. Which instrument is used to gradually enlarge the anatomical diameter of the root canal, either by hand or mechanically?
Endodontic file
A patient attended for the extraction of a lower right second molar tooth and then re-attended 3 days later with severe pain in the area. On questioning, the patient admitted to starting to smoke again as soon as the local anaesthetic wore off after the extraction. Whic conditions is most likely to be diagnosed?
Localised osteitis
During the extraction of a grossly carious upper right first molar tooth, the crown disintegrates and is removed in pieces leaving the three roots still to be extracted. Which instrument is correctly used to help split the roots apart from each other, so that they can be simply extracted separately?
Coupland’s chisel
A simple surgical procedure is planned to remove a retained root which is present in the alveolar bone with soft tissue coverage over it. Which instrument is unlikely to be required for this procedure?
Bone rongeurs
Extrinsic sugars are
Free sugars
added sugars
intrinsic sugars are
natural sugars
ideal mouth ph is
7
What are the 5 stages of inflammation?
redness
swelling
heat
pain
loss of function
