Unit 306 Flashcards
What are the three components of the circulatory system ?
Veins
Arteries
Capillaries
What is the scientific name for red blood cells ?
Erythrocytes
What is the scientific name for white blood cells ?
Leukocytes
Describe a red blood cell
Doesn’t have a nucleus
Bi-concave shape
Haemoglobin ( chemical reaction )
Describe a white blood cell
Have a nucleus
Protect the body from micro-organisms
Produce antibodies
Recognise antigens on foreign cells
Describe platelets
Fractions of cell
No nucleus
Help blood clotting
What is the job role of fibrinogen > fibrin ?
It forms a network of fibres that help trap blood cells
What is plasma ?
The liquid part of your blood that transports things round your body
What species has a double circulatory system ?
Mammals
Oxygenated blood is carried to the heart by the … ?
Coronary arteries
What are the top chambers of your heart called ?
Atrium
What are the bottom chambers of your heart called ?
Ventricles
Name 4 blood vessels attacked to your heart
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Vena cave ( superior, inferior )
Aorta
Blood will move from ?
High to low pressure
High pressure is achieved when ?
The chamber is filled with blood on when it contracts
What are the two pacemaker nodes ?
Sino-atrial node
Atrioventricular node
What is diastole ?
When all the muscles in the heart relax
What is a electrocardiograph?
Interruptions of the electrical impulses in the heart that may cause major problems
Electrocardiograph Pwave
Atrial systole
Electrocardiograph QRS ^
Ventricular systole
Electrocardiograph Twave
Ventricular diastole
What is the bicuspid valve ?
It permits blood to flow one way only from the left atrium into the left ventricle
What is the tricuspid valve
It is between the right atrium and right ventricle, it permits blood flow into the right atrium
What is the Bundle Of His ?
It transmits electrical impulses from the AV node to the point of the apex of the fascicular branches via the bundle of branches which leads to the purkinje fibres which provide electrical conduction to the ventricle
What are Chordae tendinae ?
They are strong, fibrous strings attached to the leaflet of the heart. When the cusps (leaflets) close the chordae tendinae prevent them from swinging back into the atrium cavity
What are Purkinje fibres ?
They send nerve impulses to the cells in the ventricles causing them to contract and pump blood to enter the lungs or the rest of the body
Describe and explain arteries
Blood travels away from the heart and towards organs
It travels at high pressure usually oxygenated
Has thick muscular wall to withstand high pressure
Describe and explain veins
Take blood to the heart and away from organs
Blood travels at low pressure so veins have valves to prevent blood going backwards
Blood is usually deoxygenated
Describe and explain capillaries
They are only 1cell thick and allow substances to be exchanged between blood and body cells
Microscopic vessels that connect arterioles to venules
Carry blood away from the heart
Arteries
Return blood to the heart
Veins
Have thicker walls
Arteries
Have a wider lumen
Vein
Blood spurts when cut due to higher pressure
Arteries
Blood moves more slowly due to low pressure
Vein
Have valves
Veins
Blood is bright red
Arteries (except lungs)
Blood contains less o2
Veins (except lungs)
