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Biology > Unit 306 > Flashcards

Unit 306 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three components of the circulatory system ?

A

Veins
Arteries
Capillaries

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2
Q

What is the scientific name for red blood cells ?

A

Erythrocytes

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3
Q

What is the scientific name for white blood cells ?

A

Leukocytes

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4
Q

Describe a red blood cell

A

Doesn’t have a nucleus
Bi-concave shape
Haemoglobin ( chemical reaction )

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5
Q

Describe a white blood cell

A

Have a nucleus
Protect the body from micro-organisms
Produce antibodies
Recognise antigens on foreign cells

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6
Q

Describe platelets

A

Fractions of cell
No nucleus
Help blood clotting

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7
Q

What is the job role of fibrinogen > fibrin ?

A

It forms a network of fibres that help trap blood cells

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8
Q

What is plasma ?

A

The liquid part of your blood that transports things round your body

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9
Q

What species has a double circulatory system ?

A

Mammals

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10
Q

Oxygenated blood is carried to the heart by the … ?

A

Coronary arteries

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11
Q

What are the top chambers of your heart called ?

A

Atrium

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12
Q

What are the bottom chambers of your heart called ?

A

Ventricles

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13
Q

Name 4 blood vessels attacked to your heart

A

Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Vena cave ( superior, inferior )
Aorta

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14
Q

Blood will move from ?

A

High to low pressure

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15
Q

High pressure is achieved when ?

A

The chamber is filled with blood on when it contracts

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16
Q

What are the two pacemaker nodes ?

A

Sino-atrial node

Atrioventricular node

17
Q

What is diastole ?

A

When all the muscles in the heart relax

18
Q

What is a electrocardiograph?

A

Interruptions of the electrical impulses in the heart that may cause major problems

19
Q

Electrocardiograph Pwave

A

Atrial systole

20
Q

Electrocardiograph QRS ^

A

Ventricular systole

21
Q

Electrocardiograph Twave

A

Ventricular diastole

22
Q

What is the bicuspid valve ?

A

It permits blood to flow one way only from the left atrium into the left ventricle

23
Q

What is the tricuspid valve

A

It is between the right atrium and right ventricle, it permits blood flow into the right atrium

24
Q

What is the Bundle Of His ?

A

It transmits electrical impulses from the AV node to the point of the apex of the fascicular branches via the bundle of branches which leads to the purkinje fibres which provide electrical conduction to the ventricle

25
Q

What are Chordae tendinae ?

A

They are strong, fibrous strings attached to the leaflet of the heart. When the cusps (leaflets) close the chordae tendinae prevent them from swinging back into the atrium cavity

26
Q

What are Purkinje fibres ?

A

They send nerve impulses to the cells in the ventricles causing them to contract and pump blood to enter the lungs or the rest of the body

27
Q

Describe and explain arteries

A

Blood travels away from the heart and towards organs
It travels at high pressure usually oxygenated
Has thick muscular wall to withstand high pressure

28
Q

Describe and explain veins

A

Take blood to the heart and away from organs
Blood travels at low pressure so veins have valves to prevent blood going backwards
Blood is usually deoxygenated

29
Q

Describe and explain capillaries

A

They are only 1cell thick and allow substances to be exchanged between blood and body cells
Microscopic vessels that connect arterioles to venules

30
Q

Carry blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

31
Q

Return blood to the heart

A

Veins

32
Q

Have thicker walls

A

Arteries

33
Q

Have a wider lumen

A

Vein

34
Q

Blood spurts when cut due to higher pressure

A

Arteries

35
Q

Blood moves more slowly due to low pressure

A

Vein

36
Q

Have valves

A

Veins

37
Q

Blood is bright red

A

Arteries (except lungs)

38
Q

Blood contains less o2

A

Veins (except lungs)

Biology (2 decks)

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