Unit 3 - Volcanoes & Earthquakes Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

be able to lable batholith, stock, laccoliths, dike, sill
Label the vent and the crater

A

oki

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How is a caldera different from a crater?

A

a calderea is a depression that hapens when the side of the volcano collapses in on its magma chamber whe the crater bowl shape around the vent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What causes a caldera to form?

A

collapses in on its magma chamber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

At what temperatures do most rocks melt?

A

800 degrees- 1200 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If rocks contain water, how is the melting point affected?

A

it melts at a lower temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Identify these two common types of igneous rock:
Which cooled slowly and which cooled quickly? How can you tell?

Which cooled underground and which came out of the volcano?

A

obsidian: quickly . extrusive
granite: cooled slowly (time to crystals) intrusive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is viscosity?

A

the tendency of liquid to resist flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does temperature affect viscosity?

A

hot= less viscous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

If the lava coming from a volcano has a high silica content, is the volcano more explosive or less explosive?

A

more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is tephra?

A

rock fragments thrown into air during eruption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Below is a list of types of tephra that can erupt from a volcano. Number them from smallest to largest:
_____ bombs ______ ash ______ lapilli _______ dust

A

4 bombs 2 ash 3lapilli 1 dust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is pyroclastic flow?

A

rapidly flowed and cloud of gas, and tephra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the shape of of these types of volcanoes:
cinder cone:
shield volcano:
composite volcano (stratovolcano):

A

cinder cone: steep violently ejected lava
shield volcano: broad base, slope sides
composite volcano: fragment and layers of lava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which type of volcano in Question 8 is produced by:
eruption of thin, nonviscous lava-
alternating layers of lava and tephra –
eruption of thick viscous lava –

A

sheild
composite
cinder cone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What causes most volcanoes to form?

A

movement of crust at plate boundry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The Hawaiian Islands are volcanoes that are not located near a plate boundary. What caused the volcanoes that formed these islands?

A

over hot spot

17
Q

What is the definition of a fault? make sure you can identify
(caused by torsion) (caused by tension) (caused by compression)

A

strike slip, normal, reverse fault

18
Q

Which of these types is the San Andreas Fault?

A

stike slip

19
Q

The point within the earth where the earthquake begins is called the ___________________.

A

focus

20
Q

The point on earth’s surface directly above the focus is called the earthquake’s __________________.

A

epicenter

21
Q

What is the name of the scale used to measure earthquake intensity?
vvv

A

rictor scale

22
Q

How many times larger are the seismic waves of a 6.0 magnitude earthquake than the waves produced by a 2.0 earthquake? (Know how to use the formula to solve a problem like this)

A

10.10.10.10 = 10 to the fourth
10,000

23
Q

How many times more energy is released in an 8.0 earthquake than in one that measures 5.0?
(Know how to use the formula)

A

32.32. 32 = 32,768

24
Q

Why do so many of the 200,000 earthquakes that occur worldwide go unreported?

A

most are small or go unoticed

25
Q

The major cause of death from an earthquake is _____________________________.
v

A

building collapses

26
Q

What two characteristics do architects combine when designing a building in an earthquake-prone area?

A
  1. sturdy structure
  2. flexible
  3. reinforced
27
Q

What causes a tsunami?

A

earthquake under water

28
Q

To locate an earthquake epicenter, seismic data must be received and recorded at _____ seismic stations

A

3

29
Q

Review the information you learned about your volcano for your volcano report. You will need to write a short paragraph telling me what you learned.

A

Volcán de Fuego
1. Antigua in guatamala once was center of trade
2.composite volcano - one most active
3.May 4 2023, last major erruption
4. June 3rd in 2018,
5. 201 confirmed deaths, 27 injured, and about 260 people missing.