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AE Honors US and World History > Unit 3: Third World Independence > Flashcards

Unit 3: Third World Independence Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
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1
Q

Coup d’etat

A

Forcible overthrow of a government

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2
Q

Civil Disobedience

A

The refusal to obey unjust laws

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3
Q

Imperialism

A

Domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region

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4
Q

Nationalism

A

A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one’s country

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5
Q

Colonialism

A

The control or governing influence of a nation over a dependent country, territory, or people.

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6
Q

Collectivism

A

The practice or principle of giving a group priority over each individual in it. the theory and practice of the ownership of land and the means of production by the people or the state.

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7
Q

Communes

A

In communist China, a collective farm on which a great number of people work and live together

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8
Q

Great Leap Forward

A

A Chinese Communist program from 1958 to 1960 to boost farm and industrial output that failed miserably

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9
Q

Cultural Revolution

A

A Chinese Communist program in the late 1960s to purge China of non-revolutionary tendencies that caused economic and social damage.

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10
Q

Partitition

A

A division into pieces
To divide (a country or territory) into separate, usually differing political entities.

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11
Q

Non-Alignment

A

Political and diplomatic independence from both Cold War powers

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12
Q

Indochina

A

a peninsula in SE Asia, between the Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea, comprising Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, W Malaysia, and Burma (Myanmar).

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13
Q

Zionism

A

A movement founded in the 1890s to promote the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine

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14
Q

Mandate

A

Temporary control given over an area until it is capable of self-government

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15
Q

Kibbutz

A

A collective farm in Israel

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16
Q

List three reasons powerful nations obtain colonies

A

-political
-religious
-economic

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17
Q

List two ways that WWII led to great changes that ultimately led to independence for many former colonies

A
  • Colonial powers were no longer invulnerable
  • New focus on anit-colonialism in international arenas
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18
Q

Who was the leader of the Communists in the Chinese Civil War

A

Mao Zedong

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19
Q

Who was the leader of the Nationalists in the Chinese Civil War

A

Chiang Kai-shek

20
Q

Why did the Nationalists and the Communists cease fighting each other in 1937

A

to focus their energies and fight the Japanese in WWII

21
Q

To where did the Nationalist Chinese flee following their defeat by the Communists in 1949

A

Taiwan

22
Q

What is the official name for Communist China

A

People’s Republic of China

23
Q

List two reasons the Nationalist lost to the Communists in the CHinese Civil War

A
  • Nationalist forces continued to be weakened from engagements with the Japanese
  • Communist forces grew in size and support from the more rural parts of unoccupied China
24
Q

List two reasons the Communists won the Chinese Civil war

A
  • Communists were able to mobilize a massive army of peasants with thier program of radical land reform
  • began winning open battles against the KMT
25
Q

Who were the Red Guard and what role did they play in the Cultural Revolution

A

They were a mass, student-led, paramilitary social movement mobilized by Mao Zedong; They set the Cultural Revolution into motion

26
Q

What was the Great Leap Forward and why did it fail

A

It was an attempt to convert small family farms to urbanized communes while simultaneously urging them into industrial production and away from agricuture; It caused the deadliest famine in the history of China with 45 million people dead

27
Q

What was the goal of the Chinese Cultural Revolution

A

Purge China of Bourgeois (middle class) tendencies

28
Q

Who was Mohndas Gandhi and what protest strategy did he use against British rule in India

A

organized Indian resistance, fought anti-Indian legislation in the courts and led large protests against the colonial government called Civil Disobedience

29
Q

What event caused Indians to turn into revolutionaries and nationalist and demand independence from Great Britian

A

1919 Jallianwala Bagh massacre

30
Q

Conflict between what two major religious groups led to the partition of India in 1947

A

Muslims and Hindus

31
Q

When India was partition in 1947 it was split into the ___ dominated India and the Muslim dominated ____

A

Hindu; Pakistan

32
Q

Who was the first prime minister of India

A

Jawaharlal Nehru

32
Q

Africa touches what two oceans

A

Atlantic and Indian

32
Q

During the Indian partition, they both fought over the region of ____. Conflicting claims over this region have led to much tension and bloodshed between these two nations.

A

Kashmir

33
Q

What large Central African country was once a colony of Belgium

A

Democratic Republic of Congo

34
Q

What two European nations had the largest colonial empires in Africa prior to WWI

A

Britian and France

35
Q

What are some of the natural resources in Africa that drew interest from colonizing nations

A

rubber, timber, diamonds and gold

36
Q

What is the term from pride and devotion to one’s country and what changes did we see as a result of this

A

Nationalism; inspire people to break free of a foreign oppressor

37
Q

What was the first sub-Saharan country to gain independence

A

Ghana

38
Q

Define Zionism

A

a nationalist movement that emerged in the 19th century to enable the establishment of a homeland for the Jewish people in Palestine

39
Q

What is the term for the temporary control granted to a country over an area until that area is capable of self government

A

Mandate

40
Q

What is the name of the holy city at the center of conflict in Palestine

A

Jerusalem

41
Q

Following WWII the United Nations partitioned Palestine into seperate ____ and ____ states.

A

Palestinian Arab; Jewish

42
Q

What happened one day after the Jews in Palestine proclaimed Israel to be a new country

A

The countries around all invaded

43
Q

Explain the Palestinian Arab refugee problem

A

Descendants who that were either expelled or fled from their country relocate to Palestinian states but there is not enough room for them

44
Q

What was the Israeli Kibbutz system

A

a community where people voluntarily live and work together on a noncompetitive basis

AE Honors US and World History (3 decks)

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