Unit 3 test

Question 1

the people who settled on the Greek mainland around 2000 B.C.

Answer 1

Mycenaean

Question 2

When the Greek army besieged and destroyed this city because their prince kidnapped Helen, the beautiful wife of a Greek king.

Answer 2

Trojan War

Question 3

new group of people who moved into the war-torn countryside of Greece after the decline of the Mycenaean civilization.

Answer 3

Dorians

Question 4

“greatest storyteller” who was a blind man. Composed narrative poems celebrating heroic deeds

Answer 4

Homer

Question 5

Narrative poems celebrating heroic deeds

Answer 5

Epics

Question 6

traditional stories which the Greeks sought to explain the mysteries of nature and the power of human passions.

Answer 6

Myths

Question 7

city-state which was the fundamental policy unit in Greece

Answer 7

Polis

Question 8

On a fortified hilltop near the agora (marketplace) this is the place where citizens gathered to discuss city government

Answer 8

Acropolis

Question 9

In some city-states, a single person (king) ruled in a government

Answer 9

Monarchy

Question 10

a government ruled by a small group of noble, landowning families.

Answer 10

Aristocracy

Question 11

As trade expanded, a new class of wealthy merchants and artisans emerged in some cities. When these groups became dissatisfied with aristocratic rule, they sometimes took power or shared it with the nobility.

Answer 11

Oligarchy

Question 12

powerful individuals, usually nobles or other wealthy citizens, sometimes seized control of the government by appealing to the common people for support

Answer 12

Tyrant

Question 13

Since Athens went through power struggles between rich and poor, Athenian reformers moved toward this type of government where the people as a whole ruled.

Answer 13

Democracy

Question 14

peasants forced to stay on the land they worked

Answer 14

Helot

Question 15

a fearsome formation when hoplites stood side by side, each holding a spear in one hand and a shield in the other.

Answer 15

Phalanx

Question 16

a war between Greece and the Persian Empire which began in Ionia on the coast of Anatolia

Answer 16

Persian Wars

Question 17

a form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives, was an important legacy of Periclean Athens

Answer 17

Direct democracy

Question 18

The Greeks values of harmony, order, balance, and proportion

Answer 18

Classical Art

Question 19

a serious drama about common themes such as love, hate, war, or betrayal. These dramas featured a main character, or tragic hero.

Answer 19

Tragedy

Question 20

a drama that contained scenes filled with slapstick situations and crude humor.

Answer 20

Comedy

Question 21

a war between Sparta and Athens. Athens had the stronger navy. Sparta had the stronger army, its location inland meant that it could not easily attacked by sea.

Answer 21

Peloponnesian War

Question 22

Greek thinkers who were determined to seek the truth, no matter where the search led them. the word means “lovers of wisdom”

Answer 22

Philosophers

Question 23

a Greek philosopher who encouraged his students to examine their beliefs. He asked them a series of leading questions to show that people hold many contradictory opinions.

Answer 23

Socrates

Question 24

a student of Socrates, who was born in a wealthy Athenian family, he had careers as a wrestler and a poet before he became a philosopher.

Answer 24

Plato

Question 25

the son of a physician, was one of the brightest students at Plato’s Academy. He came there as a young man and stayed for 20 years until Plato’s death.

Answer 25

Aristotle

Question 26

king of Macedonia who dreamed of taking control of Greece and then moving against Persia to seize its vast wealth.

Answer 26

Philip II

Question 27

this kingdom was located just north of Greece and had a rough terrain and a cold climate

Answer 27

Macedonia

Question 28

Philip’s son Alexander proclaimed himself king of Macedonia after his father was stabbed to death. He conquered the lands fro Greece to the Indus Valley.

Answer 28

Alexander the Great

Question 29

this Persian king vowed to crush Alexander and his army

Answer 29

Darius II

Question 30

culture blending between Greek, Egyptian, Persian, and Indian influences

Answer 30

Hellenistic

Question 31

this Egyptian city became the foremost center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization.

Answer 31

Alexandria

Question 32

a highly regarded mathematician who taught in Alexandria

Answer 32

Euclid

Question 33

a Hellenistic scientists of Syracuse, studied at Alexandria

Answer 33

Archimedes

Question 34

largest known Hellenistic bronze statue which stood more than 100 feet high and created on the island of Rhodes.

Answer 34

Colossus