Unit 3 Test Flashcards
what is the variability among older adults
physiological, cognative, psychosocial health
levels of functional ability
dependence v. indep.
strengths and abilities
what age is acceptable for old age
65
what are the older groups growing in number
longer lifespan, better medicine, better treatments, aging baby boomers, better diagnostic testing
T or F
aging leads to disability and dependence
False, not always because most older adults remain functionally independent despite the increasing prevalence of chronic disease
discrimination against people because of increasing age
ageism
what are the myths/ stereotypes of older adults
ill, disabled, unattractive
forgetful, confused, boring
unable to learn and understand new info
not interested in sex or sexual activities
nurses need to recognize and address ageism by
questioning prevailing negative attitudes and stereotypes and reinforcing the realities of aging as they care for older adults in all care settigns
it is critical for the nurse to
respect older adults and actively involve them in care decisions
what happens when healthcare providers hold negative stereotypes about aging
these can negatively affect the quality patient care
what are the biological theories of aging
stochastic and nonstochastic
views aging as a result of random cellular damage that occurs over time
stochastic theory
generally programmed physiological mechanisms within the body control the aging process
nonstochastic
what are the psychosocial theories
disengasement
activity
continuity or development
gerotranscendence
aging individuals withdraws from roles and engages in more introspective, self focused activities
disengagement
the continuation of activities performed during middle age as necessary for successful aging
activity
personality remains the same and behavior becomes more predictable as people age
continuity theory or developmental theory
(most recent theory) the older adult experiences a shift in perspective with age. moves from materialistic and national view of the world to a more comic and transcendent one, causing an increase in overall life satisfaction (criticized as being to simplistic)
gerotranscendence
what do the developmental tasks of aging include
dealing with common losses, including loss of health, significant others, a sense of being useful, socialization, income, and independent living
what are features to consider when selecting a nursing home
care provided family involvement overall environment communication number of staff
when do family caregivers consider nursing center placement
when in home care becomes increasingly difficult or when recovery from hospitalization requires more assistance than family can provide
what is the best way to evaluate the quality of a nursing center in a community
for the PATIENT and FAMILY to visit the facility and inspect thoroughly
what do illness indicators of older adults include
change in mental status, falls, dehydration, decrease in appetite, loss of function, dizziness and incontinence
why is dehydration common in older adults
they do not want to drink because they don’t want to get up at night to urinate
techniques when interviewing an older adult
sit or stand at eye level in front of pt face while speaking speak clearly provide bright, non glare lighting encourage them to use assist devices
what often causes mental changes in the older adutl
drug related, caused by drug toxicity or adverse reactions
older adults engaging in physical activity see themselves as
healthy
older adults who have physical, emotional, social impairments see themselves as
ill
what are aging signs
facial wrinkles, gray hair, loss of body mass in extremities and increase body mass in trunk
who are our best resources for a comprehensive assessment
occupational and physical therapists
a sudden change in function with ADLs is a sign of
onset of an cute illness or worsening of a chronic illness
when planning and implementing care for older adults you will want to develop interventions that
aim at maintaining, restoring, or maximizing their functional status while maintaining independence and preserving dignity
acute confusional state
delirium
generalized impairment of intellectual functioning
dementia
a mood disturbance characterized by feelings of sadness and despair
depression
forgetfulness is an expected sign of _____ but _______ is not
aging: confusion
reversible cognitive impairment that often has a physiological cause
delirium
characterized by a gradual, progressive, irreversible cerebral dysfunction (umbrella term for alzheimers)
dementia
most common, yet most undetected and untreated also can lead to suicide
depression
what are some things that can be done for dementia pt
have someone stay with them, declutter, leave notes
the needs change as the progressive nature of _______ leads to increased cognitive deterioration
dementia
what are the 5 psychosocial changes of older adults
retirement social isolation sexuality housing and environment death
what psychosocial change do adults typically not adjust to
retirement
the ______ we live the _______ we have to cope with losses
longer: longer
when identifying his or her social network, access to transportation, and willingness and desire to interact with each other
this assesses a patients….
potential for social isolation
all older adults need to express their
sexual feelings
emphesis on health promotion and disease prevention increase as…
the population ages and life expectancy increases
what are the healthy people 2020 goals
- increasing the number of confidence in maintaining their conditions
- reducing severe functional limitations
- reducing emergency visits from falling
- increasing number of people who live at home but have unmet long term services and support
- increasing number with reduced physical or cognitive function who engage in leisure activities
limitations in ADLs limit the ability to
live independently
acute care setting pose risks for adverse events
delirium, dehydration, malnutrition, HAIs, urinary incontinence, falls
what are types of ongoing care for older adults
continues recovery from acute illness
addresses chronic conditions that affect daily functioning
what is the goal for older adults and restorative care
to regain or improve level of independence, ADLs, instrumental ADLs
to provide correct family care what do you need to know
family strength and weekness
intrafamilial system of support and structure that may extend beyond the walls of the household
family durability
ability to cope with expected and unexpected stressors
family resiliency
attention to uniqueness
family diversity
biologically, legally, or as a social network with personally constructed ties and ideologies
family
what is a nuclear family
mom dad and child
what is an extended family
grandparents and nuclear family
what is a single parent family
one parent and one child
what is a blended family
2 separate families coming together
what is an alternative family
same sex
what are some current trends in family forms
families are smaller, couples are having no children, remarriage results in blended families, homo couples are family, women are delaying birth, divorce rates have triples since the 50’s, single parent families are prevalent, america is aging
current trends are for ______ not just one _____
everyone; class
what are attributes of the family
structure is based on organization function involves the processes used by the family to achieve goals
what factors influence health
class and ethnicity produce different access to the healthcare system the families beliefs, values, and practices influence health behaviors
a holistic model used to assess and care for families
family health system
each stage has its own challenges, needs, and resources
developmental stage
primary focus is on health and development of individual members who exist within a specific environment so their needs will change depending on developmental stage
family as a context
look at family processes and relationships when making assessments look for patterns that influence how families reach their healthcare goals
family as a patient
look at family as context and as patient
family as system
help families establish realistic priorities
suggest that family members use family leave plans or obtain some flex time from employer
explore resources are examples of
potential family care interventions
caregivers are most often
spouses or middle aged children
when assessing a caregiver who provides daily or respite care for older adult family member assess
caregiver burden
what are signs of caregiving role strain
change in appetite, sleeping, leisure activities
caregiver is fearful when learning
loss of interest in personal appearance
problems may intensify with status changne
what is the nursing process for the family
assessing the needs
family focused care
challenges for family nursing
implementing family centered care
