Unit 3 Test Flashcards
greater mass means
greater LDF strength
what is the order of IMFs from weakest to strongest
LDF
dipole
H-bonding
which IMF is polar only
dipole
which IMF is nonpolar only
H-bonding
what constitues an ideal gas
at the same temp, an ideal gas has the least possible IMF attraction and the smallest possible mass
what happens on either side in 1:1 ratios
the same amount that goes in also comes out
what is the shortest bond
triple bond
how to find the pressure if given total and vapor pressure
total-vapor=pressure
what does the boltzmann distribution curve tell you
which molecule has the greatest mass, and in turn, the smallest speed
how to find partial pressure
number of moles times the total pressure
at the same temp, the molecule with the greater mass has what speed
more particles with the least speed
how to determine nonpolar
symmetrical or has less than a 0.4 difference in electronegativity
limiting reactant
the one that runs out and there is not enough to bond with the rest of the molecules
how to determine polar
non-symmetrical lewis dot or has greater than a 0.4 difference in electronegativity
is CH always nonpolar or polar
nonpolar
how do IMFs affect boiling points
the stronger the IMF, the higher the boiling point
ideal gas law equation
PV=nRT
molarity equation
M=n/L
percent yield equation
actual/theoretical (100)
how to find the energy needed to vaporize a substance
multiply: heat of vaporization(# of moles)
kinetic molecular theory
particles are always in motion, used to related V, P, and T
relationhip between T and P
linear
relationship between P and V
inverse
relationship between V and T
linear
steps to make a net ionic equation
- balance equation and rewrite with ionic charges (seperate out solubles and leave precipitates alone)
- cancel spectator ions
combined gas law equation (used to relate, P, V, T)
PV/T=PV/T
what equation can you use for dilutions and 1:1 ratios ONLY
M1V1=M2V2
how to find amount of substance in ratios that aren’t 1:1
- find amount of moles in other substance
- find grams of the number of moles in same substance
how to find volume of amount of substance in ratios that aren’t 1:1
- find amount of moles in other substance
- find grams of the number of moles in same substance
- find the volume of that gram amount of the same substance and use the density given to find mL
how to draw diagram of what remains in the solution after a reaction has been completed
- draw H2O molecules
- draw spectator ions floating around
- draw precipitate (product) at bottom of container in clump (didn’t dissolve so not floating around in solution with the rest)
how to find precipitate mass when given mass of filter paper and filter paper with precipitate mass combined
combined mass - filter paper mass= precipitate mass
how does mass affect desnity
more mass=more dense
