Unit 3 Terms Flashcards
Antcedent
A stimulus or event that precedes the target behavior
Antecedent stimulus
The specific stimulus that precedes a behavior
Applied behavior analysis
The science in which tactics derived from the principles of behavior are applied to improve socially significant behavior, and experimentation is used to identify the variables responsible for the improvement of behavior
Behavioral deficit
A desirable target behavior that a person seeks to increase in frequency, duration, or intensity.
Behavioral excess
An undesirable target behavior that a person seeks to decrease in frequency, duration, or intensity.
Behaviorism
The philosophy of a science of behavior
Conditional reflex
A learned stimulus-response functional relation consisting of an antecedent stimulus and the response it elicits
Conditioned stimulus
A formerly neutral stimulus change that elicits respondent behavior only after it has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
Consequence
A stimulus change that follows a behavior of interest
Contingency
Refers to dependent and/or temporal relations between operant behavior and its controlling variables.
Elicit
The manner in which a response is brought on during respondent conditioning
Evoke
The manner in which a response is brought on during operant conditioning.
Neutral stimulus
A neutral change that does not elicit respondent behavior
Operant behavior
Behavior that acts on the environment to produce an immediate consequence and, in turn, is strengthened by that consequence.
Operant conditioning
Occurs when a behavior in a particular situation is followed by a reinforcing consequence, thus making the behavior more likely to occur in similar circumstances in the future.
Respondent behavior
Behavior that is elicited, or induced, by antecedent stimuli
Respondent conditioning
A process in which a neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus, which elicits an unconditioned response
Response
A single instance of an occurrence of specific class or type of behavior
Response class
A group of responses of varying typography, all of which produce the same effect on the environment.
Selection by consequences
The fundamental principle underlying operant conditioning. The basic tenet is that all forms of behavior, from simple to complex, are shaped, selected, and maintained by their consequences during an individual’s lifetime
Stimulus
An environmental event that can be detected by one of the senses
Stimulus class
A group of stimuli that all have the same functional effect on a particular behavior. For example, each stimulus in a stimulus class may function as a discriminative stimulus for a particular behavior.
Stimulus-stimulus pairing
A procedure in which two stimuli are presented at the same time, usually repeatedly for a number of trials, which often results in one acquiring the function of the other stimulus.
Three-term contingency
The antecedent that is present when the behavior occurs, the behavior, and the reinforcing consequence
Unconditioned response
The response that is elicited by an unconditioned stimulus
Unconditioned stimulus
The stimulus component of an unconditioned reflex; a stimulus change that elicits respondent behavior without any prior learning.
