Unit 3 - Systematic Carbon Chemistry

Question 1

Saturated Compounds

Answer 1

Compounds containing only single carbon-carbon bonds are described as saturated.

Question 2

Unsaturated Compounds

Answer 2

Compounds containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond are described as unsaturated.

Question 3

Addition Reactions

Answer 3

Compounds containing carbon-carbon double bonds can take part in addition reactions. In an addition reaction, two molecules combine to form a single molecule.

Question 4

Test For Saturation

Answer 4

It is possible to distinguish an unsaturated compound from a saturated compound using bromine solution. Unsaturated compounds quickly decolourise bromine solution.

Question 5

Isomers

Answer 5

Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae. Isomers may belong to different homologous series and usually have different physical properties.

Question 6

Properties of Compounds and What They Depend On

Answer 6

The solubility, boiling point and volatility (ease of evaporation) of a compound depends on:
* the presence of O-H or N-H bonds, which implies hydrogen bonding
* the spatial arrangement of polar covalent bonds which could result in the molecule possessing a permanent dipole.
* molecular size which would affect London dispersion forces
* the polarities of solute and solvent (polar or ionic compounds tend to be soluble in polar solvents, non-polar compounds tend to be soluble in non-polar solvents.