Unit 3 Study Guide

Question 1

What helped to fuel economic growth by encouraging people to buy American goods?

Answer 1

Trades from other countries were taxed higher

Question 2

What did steel make possible that changed people’s lives?

Answer 2

Skyscrapers

Question 3

How is a cartel different from a monopoly?

Answer 3

monopoly- is one company
cartel- more than one company

Question 4

Cartels, monopolies, trusts, and horizontal and vertical integration all share the same goal. What is it?

Answer 4

Increase profit

Question 5

How did capitalism fuel industrialization?

Answer 5

encouraging people to start businesses

Question 6

What innovation extended the number of hours in a day that Americans could work and play?

Answer 6

Electricity, light bulb

Question 7

What industry spurred growth and innovation in related industries?

Answer 7

Railroads

Question 8

What happened as farms became mechanized?

Answer 8

Farmers moved to cities

Question 9

The Sherman Anti-Trust Act imposed limitations on what group?

Answer 9

large corporations

Question 10

What was the biggest advantage of a corporation?

Answer 10

less risk

Question 11

Why did workers tolerate poor wages and working conditions in the late 1800s?

Answer 11

because they could be replaced

Question 12

What labor leader began the American Federation of Labor?

Answer 12

Samuel Gomper

Question 13

What was the effect of the events in Haymarket Square?

Answer 13

Americans started to turn away from radicalism

Question 14

In what field did significant technological innovation occur in the late 1800s?

Answer 14

all of the above

Question 15

In what system does one company control the businesses that make up all phases of a product’s development?

Answer 15

Horizontal

Question 16

What argument supports the perception of big business leaders as “captains of industry?”

Answer 16

there support in research of techknowldge

Question 17

What was the ICC formed?

Answer 17

interstate trade

Question 18

How is horizontal integration different from vertical integration?

Answer 18

horizontal- takes only 1 phase
vertical- takes all phases

Question 19

What union limited membership to skilled craftspeople ad focused on economic reforms?

Answer 19

American Federation of Labor

Question 20

What event resulted in the execution of 4 anarchists and the decline of the Knights of Labor?

Answer 20

Haymarket Riot Chicago

Question 21

Describe life for industrial workers in the late 1800s.

Answer 21

low wages, dirty, unhealthy, and low hours

Question 22

What labor organization was founded first?

Answer 22

Knights of Labor

Question 23

Immigrants traditionally came to America for economic opportunity and what?

Answer 23

religious freedom

Question 24

Describe travel accommodations for most immigrants to the U.S.

Answer 24

dirty, unhealthy, crowded

Question 25

Where did most new immigrants live within cities?

Answer 25

be close to their job

Question 26

What group of immigrants were least likely to encounter prejudice?

Answer 26

prodastint

Question 27

Rural-to-urban migration was primarily motivated by what?

Answer 27

for work

Question 28

What invention made the building and use of skyscrapers feasible?

Answer 28

elevator

Question 29

What group of people made up the majority of immigrants to America before 1870?

Answer 29

European proads

Question 30

What factors pulled immigrants to the U.S.

Answer 30

potential employment

Question 31

Officials met with immigrants at processing stations to determine their medical condition and what?

Answer 31

legal standing

Question 32

What provided Americanization programs for new immigrants?

Answer 32

settlement houses

Question 33

How did Ellis Island differ from Angel Island?

Answer 33

ik this

Question 34

What powered the 1st reliable streetcars?

Answer 34

electricity

Question 35

Where were most Midwestern cities established?

Answer 35

near rivers or lakes.

Question 36

What was the purpose of zoning laws?

Answer 36

to seperate

Question 37

Unlit city streets were dangerous, but what was still necessary?

Answer 37

make things safer

Question 38

How did mass culture signify a change in American life?

Answer 38

staying with the trend

Question 39

What did urban leaders rely on school for?

Answer 39

help immigrants children

Question 40

How did cities address the problems caused by urban living?

Answer 40

mass transit and cleaning

Question 41

What journalist called attention to the living conditions of tenement-dwellers?

Answer 41

Jacob Riis

Question 42

What was one of the dangers of living in tenements?

Answer 42

few windows, poor cleaning

Question 43

The middle-class lifestyle of the Gilded Age featured what?

Answer 43

the new emphasis on purchasing

Question 44

Consumption patterns were influenced by what?

Answer 44

advertisement

Question 45

Why did the cost-of-living decrease after the Civil War?

Answer 45

technology