Unit 3 - Skeletal System Vocabulary

Question 1

periosteum

Answer 1

the tough, fibrous tissue that forms the outermost covering of bone

Question 2

compact bone

Answer 2

the dense, hard, and very strong bone that forms the protective outer layer of bones.

Question 3

spongy bone

Answer 3

is lighter and not as strong as compact bone. This type of bone is commonly found in the ends and inner portions of long bones such as the femur. Red bone marrow is located within this spongy bone.

Question 4

medullary cavity

Answer 4

central cavity located in the shaft of long bones where it is surrounded by compact bone. It is here that red and yellow bone marrow are stored.

Question 5

endosteum

Answer 5

is the tissue that lines the medullary cavity

Question 6

red bone marrow

Answer 6

which is located within the spongy bone, is a hemopoietic tissue that manufactures red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and thrombocytes.

Question 7

Hemopoietic

Answer 7

pertaining to the formation of blood cells

Question 8

yellow bone marrow

Answer 8

functions as a fat storage area

Question 9

cartilage

Answer 9

smooth, rubbery, blue-white connective tissue that acts as a shock absorber between bones

Question 10

articular cartilage

Answer 10

covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints. This cartilage makes smooth joint movement possible and protects the bones from rubbing against each other

Question 11

meniscus

Answer 11

curved fibrous cartilage found in some joints

Question 12

sutures

Answer 12

cranial sutures are the junction between the bones of the skull which are held together by fibrous tissue

Question 13

cervical vertebrae

Answer 13

neck bones C1-C7

Question 14

thoracic vertebrae

Answer 14

middle of the spinal column T1-T12

Question 15

lumbar vertebrae

Answer 15

lower back L1-L5

Question 16

coccyx

Answer 16

tailbone

Question 17

kyphosis

Answer 17

rounding of the cervical spine

Question 18

lordosis

Answer 18

inward curvature of the lumber spine

Question 19

scoliosis

Answer 19

sideways curveature of the spine in an S or C shape

Question 20

axial skeleton

Answer 20

bones along the body’s axis (skull, spinal column, thoracic cage)

Question 21

appendicular skeleton

Answer 21

bones that make up the appendages (legs, arms, pelvix, clavicle)

Question 22

diaphysis

Answer 22

shaft of the long bone

Question 23

epiphysis

Answer 23

ends of the long bone (proximal and distal)