Unit 3 Skeletal System Pathology

Question 1

arthrosclerosis

Answer 1

stiffness of the joints

Question 2

chondroma

Answer 2

slow growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells

Question 3

arthritis

Answer 3

inflammatory condition of one or more joints

Question 4

rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 4

autoimmune disorder; synovial membranes are thickened; other tissues are also attacked causing the joints to become swollen, painful and immobile

Question 5

cervical vertebrae

Answer 5

C1-C7; set of 7 vertebrae that form the neck.

Question 6

thoracic vertebrae

Answer 6

T1-T12; set of 12 vertebrae that form the outward curve of the spine.

Question 7

lumbar vertebrae

Answer 7

L1-L5; set of 5 vertebrae that form the inward curve of the spine.

Question 8

kyphosis

Answer 8

abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side “humpback”

Question 9

lordosis

Answer 9

abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine “swayback”

Question 10

scoliosis

Answer 10

abnormal lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine

Question 11

greenstick fracture

Answer 11

incomplete fracture; bone is bent and only partially broken

Question 12

closed fracture

Answer 12

simple/complete fracture; bone is broken, but there is no open wound in the skin

Question 13

open fracture

Answer 13

compound fracture; bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin

Question 14

joints

Answer 14

articulations; a place of union between two or more bones

Question 15

fibrous joints

Answer 15

consist of flexible layers of dense connective tissue, hold the bones tightly together, do not allow any movement

Question 16

cartilaginous joints

Answer 16

allow only slight movement and consist of bones connected entirely by cartilage. ex. ribs connected to the sternum.

Question 17

synovial joints

Answer 17

created where two bones articulate to permit a variety of motions.

Question 18

ball-and-socket joints

Answer 18

synovial joint such as the hips that allow a wide range of movement in many directions

Question 19

hinge joints

Answer 19

synovial joint such as the knees that allow moevement primarily in one direction or plane.

Question 20

foramen

Answer 20

opening in a bone where blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass