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Medical Terminology > Unit 3 Roots > Flashcards

Unit 3 Roots Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

acetyl

A

the name of a chemical group

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2
Q

acid

A

a property of some chemicals

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3
Q

aden

A

gland

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4
Q

adip/o

A

fat

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5
Q

aero

A

air

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6
Q

alcoh(ol)

A

the name of a chemical group; alcohols end in the suffix “-ol”

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7
Q

alkali

A

a property of some chemicals

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8
Q

allele

A

one form of a gene (unit of inheritance)

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9
Q

apex

A

tip; the highest point

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10
Q

astro

A

star

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11
Q

bios

A

life

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12
Q

base

A

bottom; the lowest point

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13
Q

blast/o

A

a rapidly dividing cell

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14
Q

body

A

large molecule

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15
Q

bol

A

throw (forward movement)

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16
Q

carbo

A

carbon, an element found in all living things

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17
Q

cell

A

the unit of life; a mixture of chemicals and organelles bounded by a membrane

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18
Q

centri
centro

A

center

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19
Q

chol/e

A

bile

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20
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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21
Q

chondrion

A

grain

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22
Q

chrom/at/o

A

color

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23
Q

cilia

A

eyelash

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24
Q

code

A

letters that contain a (sometimes hidden) meaning

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25
Q

coll

A

glue

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26
Q

column

A

a shape higher than it is wide

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27
Q

crine

A

secretion; release from cells of from the body

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28
Q

cub(e)

A

a shape of equal height and width

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29
Q

cyst

A

fluid-filled space

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30
Q

cyt
cyte
cyto

A

cell

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31
Q

dendr/o

A

tree

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32
Q

diffus

A

pouring out

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33
Q

dominant

A

showing a quality if there is only one copy (of a gene)

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34
Q

dynam

A

power, energy

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35
Q

elast (ic)

A

capable of being stretched and snaps back into place when released

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36
Q

electr/o

A

related to electricity

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37
Q

ergon

A

energy

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38
Q

erythr/o

A

the color red

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39
Q

ester

A

the name of a chemical group

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40
Q

estrus

A

reproductive cycle in female non human mammals

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41
Q

ethane

A

the name of a chemical group

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42
Q

expressed

A

being shown

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43
Q

fibro

A

fiber

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44
Q

filament

A

a thread

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45
Q

fruct

A

fruit

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46
Q

gamete

A

a cell needed for reproduction

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47
Q

gastr

A

stomach

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48
Q

gen
geno
genet

A

birth (dealing with inheritance)

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49
Q

gland

A

gland

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50
Q

glia

A

glue

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51
Q

glob

A

glob, wad (pertaining to the shape of a protein)

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52
Q

gluco
glyco

A

sweet, sugar; the name of a chemical group that makes a chemical sweet

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53
Q

glycerine

A

a sweet, sticky chemical (glycer- + -ine)

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54
Q

goblet

A

goblet, chalic; a drinking vessel which holds a large amount of liquid

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55
Q

guano

A

bat poop

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56
Q

hem/o

A

blood

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57
Q

hist/o

A

tissue

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58
Q

hydra
hydro

A

water

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59
Q

immuno

A

body defenses against micro-organisms and other invaders

60
Q

insula

A

island

61
Q

ion

A

particle which carries an electrical charge

62
Q

kalium

A

Latin name for the element potassium (found in the vegetable kale)

63
Q

kary/o

A

the cell nucleus (from the Greek for nut)

64
Q

keto

A

the name of a chemical group

65
Q

kin/e

A

movement; also used to describe the addition of a phosphate chemical group

66
Q

lact

A

milk

67
Q

lamina

A

thin plate, sheet, layer

68
Q

lariat

A

a loop

69
Q

layer

A

layer

70
Q

leuk/o

A

the color white

71
Q

ligand

A

a molecule that attaches to a receptor

72
Q

lip/o

A

fat

73
Q

lymph/o

A

vessels that drain fluid from around the cells

74
Q

lyse
lyso

A

breakdown

75
Q

lyte

A

product of a breakdown

76
Q

lyze

A

process of breaking down

77
Q

magnet

A

substance which attracts other magnetic substances

78
Q

malt

A

grain that has been steeped, germinated, and dried

79
Q

mei

A

less

80
Q

mer
mere

A

a part

81
Q

mito

A

thread

82
Q

mole

A

word describing a unit in chemistry

83
Q

natr(ium)

A

Latin word for the element sodium

84
Q

natur/e

A

the state something was born in

85
Q

neo

A

new

86
Q

nephr

A

kidney

87
Q

neutral

A

having no electrical charge

88
Q

nucleus
nucle
nucleo
nucleot

A

the center of an atom or the center of a cell

89
Q

organ

A

instrument

90
Q

osmos

A

pushing, thrusting

91
Q

osteo

A

bone

92
Q

oxi
oxy

A

shortened form of the element oxygen

93
Q

parallel

A

side-by-side

94
Q

path

A

feeling, suffering

95
Q

pen(dere)

A

hang

96
Q

pept
peptido

A

protein

97
Q

per

A

large amount of

98
Q

phage
phago

A

eat

99
Q

phase

A

stage; appearance

100
Q

pheno

A

shine; appearance

101
Q

phil

A

love

102
Q

phob

A

fear

103
Q

phospho/r

A

the element phosphorus and related chemical groupings

104
Q

phot

A

light

105
Q

pino

A

drink

106
Q

plasm

A

something molded, plastic, or dough

107
Q

ploid

A

fold; numbered

108
Q

pol(e)

A

one end of a round object, as in North Pole & South Pole

109
Q

port

A

to carry; a door

110
Q

prim

A

first

111
Q

prosta(te)

A

gland in male that surrounds the urethra

112
Q

prot
prote
proteo

A

first, original; class of molecules that are essential for life

113
Q

ptosis

A

drooping

114
Q

receptor

A

a protein on the surface of a cell that turns a chemical on the outside to a signal on the inside of the cell

115
Q

recess

A

showing a quality if there a two copies (of a gene)

116
Q

ret(e)

A

net, network

117
Q

ribose

A

the name of a chemical group found in cells

118
Q

script

A

writing

119
Q

secre

A

set apart; release

120
Q

skelet

A

bones

121
Q

sol
solut

A

dissolve

122
Q

soma
somat
somato
some

A

body

123
Q

son

A

sound

124
Q

squam

A

a shape wider than it is high (literally, “fish-scale”)

125
Q

ster

A

solid; a chemical that is solid at room temperature

126
Q

stratum

A

layer

127
Q

sucr

A

sugar

128
Q

surf(ace)

A

outside part

129
Q

test(is)

A

male testicle

130
Q

thel (e)

A

nipple

131
Q

therm/o

A

temperature

132
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

133
Q

thym(us)

A

an organ of the upper chest

134
Q

tom

A

cutting

135
Q

ton

A

firmness (for example, of tissues or muscle)

136
Q

top(os)

A

place

137
Q

translation

A

carry across

138
Q

trop

A

turning towards

139
Q

tub(e)

A

pipe

140
Q

type

A

kind

141
Q

ur

A

urine

142
Q

valence

A

strength

143
Q

vasul

A

little vessel

144
Q

vesic

A

bladder

145
Q

villus

A

hair

146
Q

zyme

A

yeast; ferment

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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