Unit 3 Review Flashcards
How many times did Columbus sail to the New World?
Four
How did many Native Americans die during the Age of Exploration?
Smallpox and other diseases
Caravel
A small, fast ship
What country sponsored Christopher Columbus?
Spain
Where did Columbus first take foot in the New World?
Bahamas
Capturing or taking something by force
Conquest
What group of Europeans reached North America about 500 years before Columbus?
Vikings
Who claimed the southwestern United States for Spain?
Coronado
In 1534, which French navigator sailed inland along the St. Lawrence River and claimed much of eastern Canada for France?
Cartier
The art and science of mapmaking is called…
Cartography
What was Christopher Columbus’ purpose for exploration before discovering the New World?
Find a faster and safer trading route to Asia
How did diseases impact the New World?
Wiped out 75-90% of the indigenous people
Conquistadors is a Spanish word for…
Conquerors
What were the 3 G’s of Exploration?
Gold, Glory and God
In 1497, who found a water route to Asia by rounding the tip of Africa and landing on India’s southwest coast?
Vasco da Gama
Circumnavigation
To sail or travel all the way around the world
Columbian Exchange
Widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, technology, diseases, etc. between the Old World (Europe) and New World (the Americas).
Italian explorer and navigator; the Americas were named after him
Amerigo Vespucci
Silk Road
A network of trade routes connecting China and Europe
Monopoly
Complete economic control of a business or product; this would keep other countries from participating in the Asian trade; would become a cause for the Age of Exploration
Feudalism
System of government that was developed to ward off repeated invasions; people would pledge loyalty to Lords or Nobles for protection
Northwest Passage
A nonexistent path through North America that early explorers searched for, hoping that it would allow ships to sail from the Atlantic to Pacific Ocean
Circumnavigation
To sail completely around the globe
Fountain of Youth
A spring that keeps the youth of anyone that drinks from it or bathes in it; a myth that came up during the Age of Exploration
Seven Cities of Gold
Also known as the “Seven Cities of Cibola”; a myth that became popular during the Age of Exploration; motivation for many explorers
Feudal System Social Order (Pyramid)
King - Noble/Lord - Knight - Serf/Peasant
Who was Erik the Red?
Sailed to Greenland; named it “Greenland” to attract farmers
Who was Leif Eriksson?
Son of Erik the Red; in 1001, sailed West to find new land and landed in Vinland (now=Newfoundland, Canada)
Portuguese navigator that tried sailing around Africa but only made it to the Southern tip, calling it the Cape of Good Hope
Bartolomeu Dias
(Spain) First European to see the Pacific Ocean, his crew was the first to circumnavigate the world
Ferdinand Magellan
(Spain) Conquered the Inca Empire
Francisco Pizarro
(Spain) Responsible for the fall of Tenochtitlan (the Aztec Empire)
Hernan Cortes
(Dutch English) First European to explore Arctic Ocean, discovered what is now the Hudson Bay & River, in search of Northwest Passage
Henry Hudson
(Spain) First European to cross the Mississippi River
Hernando de Soto
Why did Columbus call the Taino people “Indians”?
He believed that he landed in the Indies
Where did the Vikings come from?
Denmark, Sweden, Norway (Scandinavia)
