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Nat5 Biology > Unit 3 Pt1 (Ecosystems, Distribution Of Organisms, Photosynthesis) > Flashcards

Unit 3 Pt1 (Ecosystems, Distribution Of Organisms, Photosynthesis) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a species

A

A group of living things that are able to breed to produce fertile offspring

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2
Q

What is biodiversity

A

The variety of living things in a defined area

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3
Q

What is a population

A

All the organisms of the same species living in the same area

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4
Q

What is a habitat

A

The place where and organism lives

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5
Q

What is a producer

A

A plant at the beginning of a food chain

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6
Q

What is a consumer

A

An animal in a food chain that eats something else (another animal or plant)

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7
Q

What is a herbivore

A

An organism that only eats plants

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8
Q

What is a carnivore

A

An organism that only eats animals

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9
Q

What is an omnivore

A

An organism that eats both plants and animals

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10
Q

What is a predator

A

And organism that hunts prey

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11
Q

What is prey

A

An organism that is hunted by a predator

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12
Q

What is a community

A

All the organisms in an ecosystem

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13
Q

What is a niche

A

The role an organism plays within its community

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14
Q

What is intraspecific competition

A

When individuals of the same species compete for all of the same resources they need

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15
Q

What is interspecific competition

A

When individuals of different species compete for one or more of the same resources they require

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16
Q

What resources do plants compete for

A

Light water and space

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17
Q

What resources do animals compete for

A

Food water shelter and mates

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18
Q

What do the arrows in a food chain/web represent

A

The flow of energy

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19
Q

What is a biotic factor

A

A living factor that influences an ecosystem

20
Q

What is an abiotic factor

A

A non living factor that influences an ecosystem

21
Q

What is a quadrat

A

Equipment used to estimate the number of small animals in a given location

22
Q

What is a pitfall trap

A

Equipment used to count and estimate the number of living small animals in a given location

23
Q

What is an important indicator species

A

Species that by their presence or absence indicate environmental quality/levels of pollution

24
Q

What are 4 examples of abiotic factors

A

Light intensity, moisture, pH, temperature

25
Q

What are 4 examples of a biotic factor

A

Disease, food availability, grazing, predation

26
Q

What are factors that may increase biodiversity

A

Increased moisture levels, warm temperatures, good food availability

27
Q

Factors that may decrease biodiversity

A

Extremes of temperature, over grazing, too many predators

28
Q

What instrument would u use to measure light intensity

A

A light meter

29
Q

What would u use to measure the soil moisture

A

Moisture meter

30
Q

How would u measure the ph of the soil

A

With a ph meter

31
Q

How to minimise error while using a light meter

A

Stand to one side to prevent casting a shadow casting on the sensor

32
Q

How to avoid error while using a moisture meter

A

Dry the probe between readings

33
Q

How to avoid error while using a ph meter

A

Dry probe between readings

34
Q

What is photosynthesis

A

A two stage process in plants to make sugar from water and carbon dioxide using light energy

35
Q

What are light reactions

A

The first stage of photosynthesis

36
Q

What is chlorophyll

A

A chemical found in chloroplasts that is able to trap light energy

37
Q

What is a chloroplast

A

Structures in plant cells that contain chlorophyll

38
Q

What it ATP

A

A form of chemical energy

39
Q

What is carbon fixation

A

The second stage of photosynthesis

40
Q

Why is sugar converted to to starch

A

For storage

41
Q

Why is sugar converted to cellulose

A

For structural uses (cell walls)

42
Q

What is a limiting factor

A

A factor or substance that prevents a chemical reaction from happening quicker

43
Q

What is the word equation for photosynthesis

A

Light energy
Carbon dioxide + water —————> sugar + oxygen

44
Q

What is stage 1 of photosynthesis

A

The light energy from the sun is trapped by chlorophyll in the chloroplasts some of this light energy is converted into chemical energy which is used to generate ATP the remaining light energy is used to split water into oxygen and hydrogen the oxygen is diffused from the cell

45
Q

What is stage 2 of photosynthesis

A

The ATP and hydrogen generated from the light reactions and carbon dioxide from the air are combined. They are converted into sugar during a series of enzyme controlled reactions

46
Q

What are the 3 uses to the sugar made by photosynthesis

A

Respiration, storage as starch, structural as cellulose

47
Q

Examples of limiting factors

A

Temperature, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration

Nat5 Biology (1 decks)

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