Unit 3 Pt1 (Ecosystems, Distribution Of Organisms, Photosynthesis) Flashcards
What is a species
A group of living things that are able to breed to produce fertile offspring
What is biodiversity
The variety of living things in a defined area
What is a population
All the organisms of the same species living in the same area
What is a habitat
The place where and organism lives
What is a producer
A plant at the beginning of a food chain
What is a consumer
An animal in a food chain that eats something else (another animal or plant)
What is a herbivore
An organism that only eats plants
What is a carnivore
An organism that only eats animals
What is an omnivore
An organism that eats both plants and animals
What is a predator
And organism that hunts prey
What is prey
An organism that is hunted by a predator
What is a community
All the organisms in an ecosystem
What is a niche
The role an organism plays within its community
What is intraspecific competition
When individuals of the same species compete for all of the same resources they need
What is interspecific competition
When individuals of different species compete for one or more of the same resources they require
What resources do plants compete for
Light water and space
What resources do animals compete for
Food water shelter and mates
What do the arrows in a food chain/web represent
The flow of energy
What is a biotic factor
A living factor that influences an ecosystem
What is an abiotic factor
A non living factor that influences an ecosystem
What is a quadrat
Equipment used to estimate the number of small animals in a given location
What is a pitfall trap
Equipment used to count and estimate the number of living small animals in a given location
What is an important indicator species
Species that by their presence or absence indicate environmental quality/levels of pollution
What are 4 examples of abiotic factors
Light intensity, moisture, pH, temperature
What are 4 examples of a biotic factor
Disease, food availability, grazing, predation
What are factors that may increase biodiversity
Increased moisture levels, warm temperatures, good food availability
Factors that may decrease biodiversity
Extremes of temperature, over grazing, too many predators
What instrument would u use to measure light intensity
A light meter
What would u use to measure the soil moisture
Moisture meter
How would u measure the ph of the soil
With a ph meter
How to minimise error while using a light meter
Stand to one side to prevent casting a shadow casting on the sensor
How to avoid error while using a moisture meter
Dry the probe between readings
How to avoid error while using a ph meter
Dry probe between readings
What is photosynthesis
A two stage process in plants to make sugar from water and carbon dioxide using light energy
What are light reactions
The first stage of photosynthesis
What is chlorophyll
A chemical found in chloroplasts that is able to trap light energy
What is a chloroplast
Structures in plant cells that contain chlorophyll
What it ATP
A form of chemical energy
What is carbon fixation
The second stage of photosynthesis
Why is sugar converted to to starch
For storage
Why is sugar converted to cellulose
For structural uses (cell walls)
What is a limiting factor
A factor or substance that prevents a chemical reaction from happening quicker
What is the word equation for photosynthesis
Light energy
Carbon dioxide + water —————> sugar + oxygen
What is stage 1 of photosynthesis
The light energy from the sun is trapped by chlorophyll in the chloroplasts some of this light energy is converted into chemical energy which is used to generate ATP the remaining light energy is used to split water into oxygen and hydrogen the oxygen is diffused from the cell
What is stage 2 of photosynthesis
The ATP and hydrogen generated from the light reactions and carbon dioxide from the air are combined. They are converted into sugar during a series of enzyme controlled reactions
What are the 3 uses to the sugar made by photosynthesis
Respiration, storage as starch, structural as cellulose
Examples of limiting factors
Temperature, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration
