Unit 3. Pesticide Labeling Flashcards
Which of the following is NOT correct?
1. The label is what is attached to or printed on the pesticide container.
2. The labeling includes the product label but also such things as the safety data sheet (SDS).
3. The label is a binding legal agreement between the product registrant, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the end user.
4. Product brochures are part of the pesticide labeling.
5. The label attached to or printed on the product is NOT part of the labeling.
5. The label attached to or printed on the product is NOT part of the labeling.
This is NOT correct. The term “labeling” refers to ANY information relating to the description or use of the pesticide. The term “labeling” includes the label that is attached or printed on the pesticide container.
There are several types of pesticide registrations. Which of the following is NOT correct?
1. Standard federal registrations, also known as Section 3 registrations, are indicated on the product label by an EPA registration number.
2. A Section 24(c) registration is sometimes granted when there is a “special local need.”
3. A Section 18 emergency exemption allows EPA to grant permission to use a particular pesticide product when no alternative exists.
4. EPA requires registration of all pesticide products, even those classified as “minimum risk” (Section 25(b)).
5. Products exempt from registration under Section 25(b) still have to be registered with VDACS-OPS.
4. EPA requires registration of all pesticide products, even those classified as “minimum risk” (Section 25(b)).
This is NOT correct. In 1996, the EPA chose to exempt certain pesticides from the registration process if ALL ingredients in that pesticide are on the EPA list of “minimum-risk” compounds. Note, however, that “minimum risk” products must still be registered with VDACS-OPS.
Which of the following is NOT correct?
1. No pesticide may be sold in the United States until the EPA reviews it and determines that it does not pose an unacceptable risk to humans and the environment.
2. The EPA undertakes product “reregistration” in order to identify and reduce pesticide risks to humans and the environment, based on the latest available data.
3. Once a pesticide is registered under Section 3, it does not need to undergo “reregistration.”
4. Before allowing a pesticide to be registered, the EPA does toxicity and environmental fate studies to determine such things as the long-term effects on humans and other organisms.
5. The EPA may require the manufacturer of a pesticide to remove it from the market, if the pesticide is found to be more harmful to humans or the environment than originally believed.
3. Once a pesticide is registered under Section 3, it does not need to undergo “reregistration.”
This is NOT correct. EPA continually reviews pesticide data, including information about environmental fate and human exposure risk. Only pesticides that meet current scientific and regulatory standards are eligible for “reregistration.”
Under which of the following conditions, might VDACS-OPS declare a “special local need?”
1. A federally-registered product is not available for the desired site.
2. A federally-registered product cannot be applied without causing unacceptable risks.
3. A federally-registered product is necessary to maintain an IPM, for resistance management, or for a minor-use control program.
4. When a federally-registered product could be replaced by another, less risky formulation.
5. All of the above.
5. All of the above.
Section 24(c) of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) allows VDACS to expand or limit the use of a federally-registered pesticide product within its jurisdiction, to address a specific pest-site problem.
Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
1. To be classified as “minimum risk” by the EPA, a pesticide must contain only ingredients that appear on the EPA list of low risk active and inert ingredients.
2. Products classified as “minimum risk” by the EPA do not have an EPA registration number.
3. Products classified as “minimum risk” by the EPA, are exempt from registration under section 25(b) of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA).
4. Products classified as “minimum risk” by the EPA do not have to be registered in the Commonwealth of Virginia.
5. Products classified as “minimum risk” by the EPA may not claim to control disease in humans.
4. Products classified as “minimum risk” by the EPA do not have to be registered in the Commonwealth of Virginia.
This is NOT correct. All pesticides used or sold in Virginia must be registered with VDACS-OPS, including Section 25(b) pesticides.
EPA can issue a Section 18 exemption at the request of VDACS-OPS. Which of the following are types of emergency exemptions?
1. Specific exemptions. To avert a significant economic loss or major risk to endangered or threatened species, beneficial organisms or the environment.
2. Quarantine exemption. To control the introduction or spread of a pest.
3. Public health exemption. To control a pest that will cause significant risks to human health.
4. Crisis Exemption. To permit use of a pesticide when there is no time to issue one of the other types of exemptions.
5. All of the above.
5. All of the above.
There are four (4) types of emergency (Section 18) exemptions that can be issued by EPA at the request of a state regulatory agency. In Virginia, that agency is VDACS-OPS.
Which of the following is correct regarding restricted-use pesticides (RUPs)?
1. RUPs may cause harm to humans, livestock, wildlife or the environment even when used according to label directions.
2. RUPs require special care and handling.
3. Only certified applicators, or trained persons working under their direct supervision, may use RUPs.
4. A certified registered technician can only use RUPs under direct supervision of a certified commercial applicator.
5. All of the above.
5. All of the above.
Under federal law, there are two types of certified pestcide applicators. Name them:
1. Not-for-hire and government employee.
2. Private applicators and commercial applicators.
3. Private applicator, Active and Inactive.
4. Commercial applicators and registered technicians.
5. All of the above.
2. Private applicators and commercial applicators.
Which things are true of a certified private applicator who uses RUPs?
1. Must be in the business of producing an agricultural commodity.
2. Agricultural production must occur on property owned or rented by the private applicator, his/her employer, or another person with whom they trade services.
3. A private applicator cannot charge a fee for applying RUPs.
4. Uncertified farm employees who use RUPs must be directly supervised by the certified private applicator.
5. All of the above.
5. All of the above.
What one thing distinguishes a certified private applicator from a certified commercial applicator?
1. A commercial applicator works for the government; a private applicator works for him/herself.
2. A commerical applicator doesn’t produce an agricultural commodity on private property.
3. A commerical applicator cannot supervise uncertified employees in the application of RUPs.
4. A commercial applicator must earn course credits during every two-year interval, in order to keep up his/her certification.
5. A commercial applicator cannot apply RUPs to government property.
2. A commerical applicator doesn’t produce an agricultural commodity on private property.
If you use RUPs to produce an agricultural commodity on private property, you must be a certified private applicator. Anyone who is being paid to apply pesticides for any other purpose (whether RUPs or not), must be a certified commercial applicator or a registered technician.
Which of the following is a chemical name of a pesticide?
1. Roundup
2. Glyphosate
3. 1-napthyl-N-methyl carbamate
4. Weed-B-Gone
5. Diazinon
3. 1-napthyl-N-methyl carbamate
A chemical name is the technical name that identifies the chemical formula and structure of a pesticide active ingredient.
Which of the following is a common (chemical) name of a pesticide?
1. Roundup
2. Glyphosate
3. 1-napthyl-N-methyl carbamate
4. Weed-B-Gone
5. All of the above.
2. Glyphosate
The common (chemical) name of a product is a short name given to a pesticide active ingredient that is officially accepted by the EPA. The common (chemical) name cannot be trademarked if the active ingredient is no longer protected by patent.
Which of the following is a brand name of a pesticide?
1. Roundup
2. Bullzeye
3. Sevin 50% WP
4. Terro Ant Killer
5. All of the above.
5. All of the above.
A brand name is a trademarked name given to a pesticide product by the manufacturer. It can include information about the formulation and percentage of active ingredient (ex. Sevin 50% WP). No other company may use this name without permission.
Which of the following can we expect to see on a pesticide ingredient statement?
1. The name of each active ingredient.
2. The percentage by weight of each active ingredient.
3. The percentage by weight of inactive (inert) ingredients.
4. The chemical name or common name of each active ingredient.
5. All of the above.
5. All of the above.
Inert ingredients are often trade secrets and therefore, the label must only show the percentage of total contents. All active ingredients must be listed by name.
Each pesticide that is registered with the EPA has a unique registration number. This number must appear on the front panel of the product label. For example, a product might have the number 991-015. What would the 991 part indicate?
The first set of numbers – in our example, 991 – identifies the product registrant (usually, the company that manufactures the product, for example PestChemCo).
Each pesticide that is registered with the EPA has a unique registration number. This number must appear on the front panel of the product label. For example, a product might have the number 991-015. What would the 015 part indicate?
The second set of numbers in an EPA pesticide registration number – in our example, 015 – identifies the specific pestcide product (ex. X-PEST-EC).
What does the pesticide label’s EPA establishment number indicate?
The EPA establishment number identifies the facility that produced the pesticide product.
How do you know whether a pesticide product is a restricted-use pesticide (RUP)?
1. The label will display the signal word WARNING.
2. It will not be displayed on the shelf of your pesticide distributor.
3. The top of the pesticide label must state that it is a RESTRICTED-USE PESTICIDE.
4. You will have to check against a list of pesticides on the EPA website.
5. The label will display the signal word CAUTION.
3. The top of the pesticide label must state that it is a RESTRICTED-USE PESTICIDE.
Signal words appear in large letters on the front panel of most pesticide labels. Which of the following signal words would indicate the HIGHEST level of acute toxicity?
1. CAUTION
2. WARNING
3. DANGER
4. DANGER – WARNING
5. DANGER – POISON
5. DANGER – POISON. These words will appear with a skull and crossbones symbol .
By which route can pesticides enter the body?
1. Oral (mouth)
2. Dermal (skin)
3. Inhalation (respiratory)
4. Ocular (eye)
5. All of the above
5. All of the above
In addition to the signal word, first aid and child hazard (Keep Out Of Reach Of Children – KOOROC) warnings, pesticide labels have additional precautionary information including:
1. Hazards to humans and domestic animals.
2. Protective clothing and equipment statements.
3. Engineering controls.
4. Environmental hazards.
5. Physical or chemical hazards.
6. All of the above.
6. All of the above.
In most cases, you will find additional precautionary information in these sections:
1. Hazards to humans and domestic animals. Description of hazard, route of exposure and precautions to avoid harm.
2. Protective clothing and equipment statements. The minimum PPE that should be worn when handling the product.
3. Engineering controls. Devices required when handling the product or precautions to take with a particular application method.
4. Environmental hazards. General statements regarding environmental protection.
5. Physical or chemical hazards. Precautionary statements regarding fire, explosion or chemical hazards.
Pesticide products with uses covered by EPA’s Worker Protection Standard (WPS) will have an agricultural use requirements section. This generally appears at the beginning of the directions for use section of the label. In what situations do WPS standards apply to pesticide use?
1. Farms.
2. Greenhouses.
3. Nurseries.
4. Forest production.
5. All of the above.
5. All of the above.
WPS targets workers who perform hand labor operations (ex. cultivation, harvesting, watering ) on farms, fields, forests, nurseries, and enclosed space production facilities such as greenhouses.
Some directions that pesticide users must follow are not written on the product label. Instead, they are explained in separate documents referred to on the product label (for example, the Worker Protection Standard, or WPS. What is the specific name for these “separate document” requirements?
“Label-by-Reference”
FIFRA is a law passed by Congress in 1947 and amended in 1972, 1975, 1978, and 1988. This law regulates the registration, manufacture, sale, transportation, and use of pesticides. What is “FIFRA” an acronym for?
The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
Which of the following are written into FIFRA?
1. The EPA must register pesticides and pesticide uses.
2. All pesticides must be used only as directed on the label.
3. EPA must classify as “restricted-use” those uses of pesticides that threaten the environment and human health even when used as directed.
4. Persons who buy or use restricted-use pesticides (RUPs) must be certified or directly supervised by someone who is certified.
5. States may establish stricter standards for pesticide use but they cannot establish more permissive (less strict) standards.
6. All of the above.
7. None of the above.
6. All of the above.
What is a Safety Data Sheet?
A Safety Data Sheet (SDS) is a document which provides detailed information about a product’s physical and chemical properties. They also display its toxicity and health effects as well as procedures to follow in case of an accident.
The SDS provides information to:
* Employees who may be exposed to a hazard at work.
* Employers who need to know proper methods for storage, transport, and other procedures.
* Emergency responders such as firefighters, “hazmat” crews, EMTs and emergency room staff (doctors, nurses).
* People who use a product on the job.
A pesticide label and an SDS may provide slightly different information (for example, regarding which PPE to use when handling a product).
When the pesticide label and an SDS differ in their recommendations, which should you follow?
For the pesticide applicator/handler, “the label is the law.” When the pesticide label and the SDS differ in their recommendations,always follow the pesticide label.
For this question, refer to the sample pesticide label on pages 3-27/28.
Where and for control of what, is it legal to use X-PEST-EC?
For control of insect pests of ornamental plants in nurseries and landscapes.
For this question, refer to the sample pesticide label on pages 3-27/28.
What is the product’s brand name, EPA registration number and EPA establishment number?
Brand name: X-Pest-EC
EPA Registration Number: 991-015
EPA Establishment Number: 991-VA-001
For this question, refer to the sample pesticide label on pages 3-27/28.
What is the common (chemical) name of the active ingredient?
The common chemical name of the active ingredient is alphbetamethrin.
For this question, refer to the sample pesticide label on pages 3-27/28.
What does the “EC” in the product name tell you about the product?
That the formulation is an emulsifiable concentrate (EC).
For this question, refer to the sample pesticide label on pages 3-27/28.
- What is the percentage of active ingredient?
- What is the weight per gallon of active ingredient?
- Percentage: 23.5%
- Weight per gallon: 2.0 lbs
For this question, refer to the sample pesticide label on pages 3-27/28.
Is X-PEST-EC a restricted-use pesticide?
No. If it were classified as an RUP, you would see this statement at the top of the front panel of the label:
“RESTRICTED-USE PESTICIDE”
For this question, refer to the sample pesticide label on pages 3-27/28.
Is X-PEST-EC a “ready to use” product?
No. The “EC” portion of the name indicates that it is an emulsifiable concentrate. The Application Instructions section of the label gives mixing directions for spot treatments (4 oz. product per gallon water) and broadcast applications (4 oz. product in 1 - 2 gallons of finished spray per 1,000 square feet).
For this question, refer to the sample pesticide label on pages 3-27/28.
What is the **signal word **attached to this product?
WARNING
For this question, refer to the sample pesticide label on pages 3-27/28.
What does the label say about hazards to humans and domestic animals?
- Causes severe skin and eye irritation
- Harmful if swallowed
- Avoid contact with eyes or clothing.
- Wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling and before eating, drinking, chewing gum, or using tobacco products.
For this question, refer to the sample pesticide label on pages 3-27/28.
What PPE is required when mxing and loading?
- Long-sleeved shirt and long pants
- Shoes and socks
- Protective eyewear
- Chemical-resistant gloves
- Chemical-resistant apron
For this question, refer to the sample pesticide label on pages 3-27/28.
Can you apply X-PEST-EC through an irrigation system?
No. The General Use Precautions and Restrictions section clearly states:
Chemigation: Do not apply this product through any type of irrigation system.
For this question, refer to the sample pesticide label on pages 3-27/28.
Does the label give instructions on disposal of empty pesticide containers?
Yes.
Container Disposal: Triple-rinse or equivalent. The offer for recycling or reconditioning, or puncture and dispose of in a sanitary landfill. Do not reuse empty container.
For this question, refer to the sample pesticide label on pages 3-27/28.
Do we see any examples of “label by reference” requirements on the X-PEST-EC label?
Yes. For instance, in the “AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTS” section, you are instructed to “use this product only in accordance with its labeling and with the Worker Protection Standard, 40 CFR part 170.”
