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wind and ocean currents > Unit 3 Lesson 4-5 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Lesson 4-5 Flashcards

1
Q

______________ ______________ causes surface currents north and south of the equator to move in different directions.

A

Coriolis effect

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2
Q

_______ water is more dense than _______ water

A

Cold; warm

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3
Q

Because of the Coriolis effect, ocean water moves _________ in the northern hemisphere, and ________ in the Southern Hemisphere.

A

Right; clockwise

Left; counterclockwise

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4
Q

What 3 factors most directly affect surface currents in the ocean

A

Continental deflection, Coriolis effect, and global winds

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5
Q

The______ is the source of energy for ocean currents

A

Sun

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6
Q

The coriolis effect is caused by

A

Earths rotation

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7
Q

What factors are responsible for the formation of deep currents

A

Salinity and temperature of the water

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8
Q

Convection currents formed in the sea are caused by

A

Differences in water density

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9
Q

How would surface currents be different if the earth did not have continents

A

Surface currents would travel in regular shaped curves

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10
Q

When upwelling takes place, the number of _________ near the surface of the ocean increases

A

Phytoplankton

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11
Q

A surface current is the horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by______

A

Wind

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12
Q

Describe how the movement of ocean water is produced

A

The sun causes uneven heating which leads to differences in air pressure. This causes the wind which moves the water at the surface of the ocean.

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13
Q

The bouncing back of the surface currents when they hit the land is called

A

Continental deflection

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14
Q

How is heat involved in the formation of convection currents

A

When water looses heat, it becomes denser and sinks

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15
Q

An increase in density caused by increase in ________ leads to deep ocean currents

A

Salinity

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16
Q

Which type of ocean water movement has the greatest effect of the growth of producers

A

Upwelling

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17
Q

The _____ is responsible for the uneven heating of the earth

A

Sun

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18
Q

__________ ________causes the coriolis effect

A

Earths rotation

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19
Q

The _______ _______ are found between the equator and 30

A

Trade winds

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20
Q

The ______ ______ blow to the west and are found between 60 and 90

A

Polar easterlies

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21
Q

The ________ blow to the east and are found between 30 and 60

A

Westerlies

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22
Q

The ______ ______ consist of high speed winds that blow in the upper atmosphere and move weather quickly

A

Jet streams

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23
Q

____ _______ form during the day and blow toward the land

A

Sea breeze

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24
Q

_______ ___________ form at night and blow toward the sea

A

Land breeze

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25
Q

__________ ______ move short distances and are variable

A

Local winds

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26
Q

The coriolis effect causes objects to move to the ________ in the northern hemisphere and to the ________ in the Southern Hemisphere

A

Right: east

Left; west

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27
Q

The trade winds divide equatorial currents from the ______ to the _________

A

East

West

28
Q

What causes differences in wind speed

A

Pressure differences caused by uneven heating of the earths surface by the sun

29
Q

__________ ________ form during the day and blow up the mountain

A

Valley breeze

30
Q

_____________ __________ form at night and blow toward the valley

A

Mountain breeze

31
Q

Air moves from ________ __________ to _____ __________

A

High pressure

Low pressure

32
Q

How are winds named

A

By the direction in which they blow

33
Q

What causes air circulation in earths atmosphere

A

Temperature differences

34
Q

Surface winds are weak at the ____________, which is a narrow zone around the equator

A

Doldrums

35
Q

The weak winds located at 30 are known as the ______________ __________

A

Horse latitudes

36
Q

________ ________ are stream like movements of water in the ocean

A

Ocean currents

37
Q

________ _________ are ocean currents that occur at or near the surface of the ocean

A

Surface currents

38
Q

The Gulf Stream is a ________ ________

A

Surface current

39
Q

Surface currents are affected by _____________ _________, the ____________ __________ and _________ _____

A

Continental deflection, coriolis effect, and global winds

40
Q

When surface currents meet __________, they are deflected and change direction

A

Continents

41
Q

The deflection of moving objects from a straight path due to earths rotation is the ________ ________

A

Coriolis effect

42
Q

In the Northern Hemisphere, currents are deflected to the __________. In the Southern Hemisphere, currents are deflected to the __________

A

East/right

West/left

43
Q

_________ _________ can push ocean water across earths surface to create surface currents

A

Global winds

44
Q

The major source of energy that powers surface currents is the ______

A

Sun

45
Q

The sun causes differences in ___________ across the Earth, which causes differences in ___________

A

Temperature

Pressure

46
Q

_________ form as a result of differences in air pressure and create surface currents

A

Winds

47
Q

_______ __________ are movements of ocean water below the surface caused by differences in density

A

Deep currents

48
Q

_________ is the amount of matter in a given space of volume

A

Density

49
Q

___________ and _________ cause differing ocean water densities

A

Temperature

Salinity

50
Q

____________ is a measure of the amount of dissolved salts of solids in a liquid

A

Salinity

51
Q

Higher salinity makes water more _______

A

Dense

52
Q

Dense water _________ and can form deep water currents that flow along the ocean floor or on another layer of denser water

A

Sinks

53
Q

__________ _________ in the ocean are the movement of water that results in density differences

A

Convection currents

54
Q

Convection currents can be ___________,__________ or__________

A

Vertical, circular or cyclical

55
Q

Water at the oceans surface absorbs energy from the ________, which can be carried to _________ regions

A

Sun

Colder

56
Q

As warm water reaches a colder region, it _______ and ______

A

Cools and sinks

57
Q

As warm water moves away, cold water can ______ from the bottom of the ocean, and the cycle continues

A

Rise

58
Q

_________ is the process n which winds blow warm water away from the shore, allowing cool, nutrient-rich water to rise to the surface

A

Upwelling

59
Q

Upwelling supplies ________ necessary for ocean life to grow

A

Nutrients

60
Q

Ocean currents can carry __________ to other regions of earth.

A

Organisms

61
Q

Ocean currents release energy into the atmosphere, making currents an important influence on ________

A

Climate

62
Q

Ocean water also transports _________,__________ and ________ to new locations

A

Salt
Nutrients
Gases

63
Q

Turtles, coconuts, and phytoplankton all ride ______ __________ in the ocean

A

Ocean currents

64
Q

Synonym for prevailing

A

Permanent

65
Q

The golf stream is one __________ of the global conveyor belt

A

Segment

wind and ocean currents (1 decks)

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