Unit 3 - Integumentary System

Question 1

Four functions of the integumentary system

Answer 1

1. Protection
2. Sensory
3. Thermoregulation
4. Vitamin D synthesis

Question 2

Structural organization

Answer 2

1. Integumentary system
2. Skin - Epidermis & dermis
   - Hypodermis - Adipose
   - Stratified squamous & loose irregular connective tissue
3. Accessory organs
   - Hair, skin, nails

Question 3

5 layers of the epidermis
(bottom to top)

Answer 3

1. Stratum basale
2. Stratum spinosum
3. Stratum granulosum
4. Stratum lucidum
5. Stratum corenum

Question 4

Stratum basale

Answer 4

• Deepest layer
• Contains the dermal papilla
• Where new cells are made

Question 5

Stratum spinosum

Answer 5

• Protruding spiny cells
• 8-10 layers of keratinocytes
• Contains langerhans cells

Question 6

Stratum granulosum

Answer 6

• Grainy appearance
• Disintegrated nuclei

Question 7

Stratum lucidum

Answer 7

• Only on thick skin
• Palms & soles
• Keratinocytes are dead

Question 8

Stratum corneum

Answer 8

Superficial layer of the epidermis
- Dry and dead

Question 9

Keratinocyte

Answer 9

• Makes and stores keratin
• Hardens hair, skin, and nails.

Question 10

Melanocyte

Answer 10

Produces melanin

Question 11

Hypodermis

Answer 11

Connects skin to bones and muscles
- Loose areolar tissue & adipose tissue

Question 12

Dermis contains

Answer 12

• Blood - Sweat glands
• Lymph nodes - Elastin
• Nerves - Collagen
• Hair follicles

Question 13

Dermis

Answer 13

Contains papillary and reticular layer

Question 14

Epidermis

Answer 14

Composed of stratified squamous epithelium

Question 15

Phases of hair growth

Answer 15

1. Anagen
2. Catagen
3. Telogen

Question 16

Anagen phase

Answer 16

Cells divide at the root of the hair and push up the hair shaft
- Lasts 2-7 years

Question 17

Catagen phase

Answer 17

transition from the hair follicle’s active growth
- 2-3 weeks

Question 18

Telogen phase

Answer 18

Hair follicle stops growing, new anagen phase begins
- 2-4 months

Question 19

Pigments responsible for skin pigment

Answer 19

Melanin, hemoglobin, carotene

Question 20

Melanin

Answer 20

responsible for making dark pigments in skin, hair, and eyes

Question 21

Hemoglobin

Answer 21

Red and pink pigment

Question 22

Rule of Nines: 9%

Answer 22

• Front & back of head
• Front & back of each arm & hand
• Chest
• Upper back
• Abdomen
• Lower back

Question 23

Front and back of each leg and foot

Answer 23

18%

Question 24

Groin

Answer 24

1%

Question 25

Meissner’s Corpscucle

Answer 25

Located at the top of the dermis

Question 26

Merkel cells

Answer 26

Located in the stratum basale

Question 27

Dermal papilla

Answer 27

Located between dermis & epidermis
- in the stratum basale
- single layer of cuboidal cells

Question 28

Pacinian corpscucle

Answer 28

Located deep in the dermis

Question 29

Capillaries & nerves

Answer 29

Located at the bottom of the dermis

Question 30

Langerhans cells

Answer 30

Found in the stratum spinosum

Question 31

Other names of the hypodermis

Answer 31

Superficial fascia
Subcutaneous

Question 32

1st degree burn

Answer 32

Epidermis

Question 33

2nd degree burn

Answer 33

Epidermis & half of dermis

Question 34

3rd degree burn

Answer 34

All of the epidermis and dermis
- Tissues and nerve endings destroyed

Question 35

4th degree burn

Answer 35

Muscle and bone