Unit 3 - Getting the energy the body needs 2 Flashcards
Something has energy if it has the ability to make something happen when that energy is transferred
Energy
The process of living things in which oxygen is used to release the energy in food
Respiration
A simple sugar molecule
Glucose
Respiration that involves oxygen
Aerobic respiration
The starting substance in a chemical reaction
Reactant
The process by which energy from sunlight, carbon dioxide and water are used by green plants to produce glucose and oxygen
Photosynthesis
A substance formed from a chemical reaction
Product
Beginning to grow into a plant from a seed
Germinating
The structures in a cell that produce energy
Mitochondria
The layer around the cell that control substances entering and leaving the cell
Membrane
A substance that enables a chemical process in a living organism
Enzymes
A group of organs that together enable the digestion of food
Digestive system
Takes oxygen into the body and passes carbon dioxide out
Breathing system
The heart and blood vessels that transport essential substances around the body in blood
Circulatory system
A tissue made up of long tubes that transport glucose made in leaves of a plant to other parts
Phloem
Tiny pores on the underneath surface of a leaf through which gases can move in and out
Stomata
Respiration without using oxygen
Anaerobic respiration
A substance produced in anaerobic respiration which builds during vigorous exercise and causes an aching or burning feeling in the muscles
Lactic acid
The oxygen needed to break down lactic acid produced as a result of vigorous exercise
Oxygen debt
A storage molecule formed from a chain of glucose units and often stored in the liver
Glycogen
Type of anaerobic respiration that produces ethanol and carbon dioxide
Fermentation
Tiny organisms like bacteria, fungi and viruses that can only be seen by a microscope
Microbe
A unicellular (single celled) fungus
Yeast
Cereal grains are soaked in water and fermented with yeast
Brewing
Coal, natural gas and oil that were formed from the compressed remains of plants and other organisms that died millions of years ago
Fossil fuel
A variable in an experiment that affects the outcome and is changed
Independent variable
The variable that is measured in an investigation
Dependent variable
Substance that speeds up a chemical reaction
Catalyst
