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AP GOV UNIT 3 > UNIT 3 Generic Topics + Examples > Flashcards

UNIT 3 Generic Topics + Examples Flashcards

(44 cards)

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1
Q

Civil Society

A

all non-government groups, associations, and institutions that citizens form, join, and participate in

connection between state/political, economic interests, and family/personal/social

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2
Q

Civil Society Examples

A

NGOs, churches, charities, interest groups, media, civic organizations

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3
Q

AP College Board Theme (Unit 3)

A

LIBERTY + ORDER
- striking the ever-moving balance and acknowledging the tension

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4
Q

NGOS (Non-Governmental Organization)

A

any non-profit, voluntary citizen groups which are organized on the local, national or international level

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5
Q

NGO Responsibilites

A
  • service and humanitarian functions
  • bring citizen concerns to gov.
  • advocate/monitor policies
  • encourage political participation
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6
Q

Why is civil society important?

A

1) Discussion and exchange of ideas (very participatory)

2) Checking gov. power (ACCOUNTABILITY)

3) Key Driver in democratization (!!!)
- individualism and collectivism
- people taking action and changing
systems

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7
Q

Save the Children NGO

A

improve the lives of children through healthcare, education, aid, and economic development

120 Countries

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8
Q

Doctors Without Borders NGO

A

work in conflict zones, areas affected by natural disasters, and endemic diseases and focus on health, malnutrition, vaccines, and more

70+ Countries

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9
Q

Amnesty International NGO

A

promote and protect human rights through awareness campaigns and mobilizing the public against torture, death penalty, police brutality, and climate justice

150+ Countries

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10
Q

Politics

A

the struggles between individuals or groups to have the power to make decisions

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11
Q

Political Culture

A
  • collective attitudes, values, and beliefs of the citizenry
  • norms of behavior IN the political system (EX: question time in the UK)
  • sets expectations about the exercise of power to establish a balance between SOCIAL ORDER and INDIVIDUAL LIBERTY
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12
Q

Shapers of Political Culture

A
  • THE RIGHTS OF THE INDVIDUAL (INDIVIDUALISM VC COLLECTIVISM)
  • geography, race, class, age, education, language, history, sexuality, tradition, media, health
  • HDI, GINI, TI, FST, FH
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13
Q

Political Socialization

A

PROCESS !

the lifelong process through which our opinions/beliefs/values are formed and shaped by interactions with family, friends, teachers, co-workers, etc. (shapes culture)

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14
Q

Political Socialization per CollegeBoard

A

Though many agents of socialization are similar across regime types, authoritarian regimes apply more concerned gov. pressures to socialize their citizens around conforming beliefs than democratic regimes

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15
Q

Political Socialization Examples: UK

A
  • Brexit
  • Devolution
  • Gradualism
  • SNAP! elections
  • Separation of church and state
  • Monarch
    -Social class
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16
Q

Political Socialization Examples: Nigeria

A
  • Military
  • British colonization
  • Parastatal corruption
  • Cleft country
  • Islam (Sunni VS Shia)
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17
Q

Political Socialization Examples: Mexico

A
  • NAFTA
  • Liberation Theology
  • Indigenous Rights (Mestizo)
  • Revolution
  • Foreign investment
  • Secular state
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18
Q

Political Socialization Examples: Russia

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A
  • USSR
  • Communism
  • Glasnost
  • Reforms and relapse (LGBTQ)
  • Gov. censorship
  • Federalism
    -STRENGTH
19
Q

Political Socialization Examples: China

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A
  • Consumerism
  • Meritocracy
  • “One Child Policy”
  • Maoism / Confucian /Thought
  • Cultural Revolution
  • Guanxi
  • Tiananmen Square
20
Q

Political Socialization Examples: Iran

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A
  • Green Revolution
  • Theocracy (Sunni VS Shia)
  • Iranian Revolution
  • Operation AJAX
  • Ayatollahs
  • Social media
  • Oil
  • Brain Drain
21
Q

Political Ideology

Study These Flashcards
A

the underlying beliefs, values, attitudes, and patterns of behavior people have about the goals of gov. + policy

“the isms”

22
Q

Ethnocentrism

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A

judging another culture solely by the values and standards of one’s own culture

downsides: overtones of superiority and closed mind to other races and cultures

23
Q

Consensual Political Culture

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A

issues that most people can agree on

24
Q

Conflictual Political Culture

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A

issues that cause friction and cleavages

25
Political Ideology Shapers
Artistic (Renaissance) --> Religious (Protestant Revolution) --> Scientific (Scientific Revolution) --> the ENLIGHTENMENT
26
Indiviualism
belief in individual civil liberties and freedom over gov. restrictions - meritocracy - self interest - classic liberalism and modern conservatism
27
Pros of Individualism
- encourages innovation - autonomy / sovereignty - individual liberties - self-reliance - sense of identity - meritocracy
28
Cons of Individualism
- Isolation - Loss of support system - promotes selfishness - less motivation for gov. intervention/support
29
Neoliberalism
used to refer to market-oriented reforms in shaping to create a framework between private enterprise and public authority - taxation - privatization - free trade - de-regulation (aka "rollback") - "trickle down economics"
30
Austerity
set of policies with the aim of reducing gov. budget deficits (relationship with neoliberalism) - include spending cuts and tax increases - way to appeal to creditors
31
Neoliberalism Positives
- fosters private enterprises - lower taxation - promotes free trade
32
Neoliberalism Negatives
- income inequality - rolls back protections - bad for the environment
33
Communism
a political and economic system that seeks to establish a classless, stateless social organization based on communal ownership + limited private property
34
Communism PROS
- closes socio-economic gaps - eliminates poverty - provides "peace of mind" via economic/social security - reduces exploitation of workers via communal ownership
35
Communism CONS
- not feasible - hinders goals...self actualization - demotivates profit and competition
36
Socialism
an economic ideology that allows collective/gov. state ownership (gov. owns means of production and operates them for the benefit of the public - does away with profit motivation and competition - workplaces controlled by gov. somewhat - is feasible because of political/state apparatus
37
Socialism AP CB Definiton
belief in the reduction of income disparities and the nationalization of major private industries
38
Fascism
Extreme nationalism, authoritarian, the rights of the majority over the minority - considers the individual secondary to the interests of the state, the party - antimulticulturalism - supremacy of a leader
39
Fascism Economic Outlook
- oppose laissez faire economics - gov. control over the economy without completely taking over - nationalized some key industries, managed currency, state investments - introduced economic planning measures like price and wage control
40
Populism
the belief that those with power exploit the people - socially conservative, economically liberal - better at diagnosis, not so much at solution
41
Cult of Personality
manufactured heroic public image, excessive hero worship, often found in authoritarian states - can lead to tyranny of the majority - does not mean morally right
42
Materialism
1st: Material matter is all there is 2nd!!: desire for fulfillment of material needs 3rd: historical materialism (Marxist)
43
Post-Scarcity
a (theoretical) condition where materials are soooo abundant, that most commodities are commonplace
44
Post-Materialism
there was a generational shift on what mattered to post-industrial societies (values) - political freedom and participation - self-actualization and expression/creativity - personal relationships - care for the environment - less focus on materialism/money gave high priority to values such as citizen input into gov.

AP GOV UNIT 3 (2 decks)

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