Unit 3: France Flashcards by Brooklyn Bain | Brainscape

Q

The European Union was founded in _____ as an economic initiative to help relatively small countries compete with larger economies in the _____.

A

1993, global marketplace

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Q

Approximately _____% of the global vineyard is located in Europe.

A

56%

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Q

According to the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV), what were the top three wine-producing countries in 2018?

A

Italy, France, and Spain

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Q

Under the new EU framework, the highest level of wine classification available is PDO, which stands for _____.

A

Protected Designation of Origin

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Q

The new EU regulations permit the continuing use of pre-existing designations of origin, as long as they were registered prior to _____.

A

December 31, 2011

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Q

The second tier of quality wine under the new EU classification system is known as PGI, which stands for _____.

A

Protected Geographical Indication

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Q

If a protected place-name is used on the label of a PDO wine, _____% of the grapes in the wine must be from the stated region.

A

100%

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Q

If a protected place-name is used on the label of a PGI wine, _____% of the wine must be from the stated region.

A

A minimum of 85%

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Q

If a PDO or PGI wine states a vintage date on the label, _____% of the wine must be from the stated vintage.

A

A minimum of 85%

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Q

If a PDO or PGI wine uses the name of a single grape variety as its name, _____% of the wine must be made from the stated variety.

A

A minimum of 85%

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

Bold Flavors

A

New World

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

Emphasis on terroir

A

Old World

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

Vineyards planted close to markets

A

Old World

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

Highlight the style or skill of the winemaker

A

New World

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

More subtlety

A

Old World

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

Emphasis on fruit flavors

A

New World

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

Less acidity

A

New World

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

Wines of California

A

New World

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

Lower levels of alcohol

A

Old World

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

Subtle flavors

A

Old World

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

Emphasis on grape variety

A

New World

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

Wines of Italy

A

Old World

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

More alcohol

A

New World

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

Higher acidity

A

Old World

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Q

Determine whether most representative of OW or NW:

Earthier flavors

A

Old World

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Q

What French wine region was greatly impacted by the 12th century marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine to Henry II?

A

Bordeaux

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Q

Which French wine region, situated on the border with Germany, has a history of alternating between French and German control?

A

Alsace

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Q

What term is used to refer to the elevated region located in the central portion of France?

A

The Massif Central

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Q

What is the most widely planted white grape variety in France?

A

Ugni Blanc (Trebbiano)

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Q

What is the most widely planted red grape variety in France?

A

Merlot

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Q

What term is used for a basic French table wine made using 100% French grapes?

A

Vin de France

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Q

How many regional Vin de Pays categories are there currently in France?

A

Seven

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Q

The most widely planted red grape variety in the area of Entry-Deux-Mers.

A

Merlot

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Q

A st. Émilion Grand Cru Classé-Category “A” property.

A

Château Cheval Blanc

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Q

The grape variety that forms the basis for most dry white Bordeaux wines.

A

Sauvignon Blanc

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Q

A property whose ranking on the Bordeaux Classification of 1855 was changed in 1973.

A

Château Mouton-Rothschild

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Q

Term that represents the Bordeaux tradition of selling wine in futures.

A

En Primeur

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Q

A superior first growth for sweet Bordeaux.

A

Château d’Yquem

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Q

The grape variety that generally forms the basis for sweet Bordeaux wines such as Sauternes.

A

Sémillon

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Q

The river that flows past the city of Bordeaux and forms the border between Graves and Entre-Deux-Mers.

A

Garonne

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Q

A minor white grape variety of Bordeaux.

A

Muscadelle

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Q

The third most widely planted red grape variety of Bordeaux.

A

Cabernet Franc

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Q

The river that flows past the city of Libourne.

A

Dordogne

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Q

The leading red grape variety of the Left Bank.

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

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Q

The only château from Graves that was rated premier cru in the 1855 classification of red wines.

A

Château Haut-Brion

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Q

A minor red grape of Bordeaux.

A

Malbec

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Q

An estuary that flows through the region of Bordeaux out to the Atlantic.

A

Gironde

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Q

Determine where the region is located (L, R, EDM)

The city of Bordeaux

A

Left Bank

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Q

Determine where the region is located (L, R, EDM)

Graves

A

Left Bank

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Q

Determine where the region is located (L, R, EDM)

St-Julien

A

Left Bank

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Q

Determine where the region is located (L, R, EDM)

Fronsac

A

Right Bank

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Q

Determine where the region is located (L, R, EDM)

Graves de Vayres

A

Entre-Deux-Mers

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Q

Determine where the region is located (L, R, EDM)

Pauillac

A

Left Bank

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Q

Determine where the region is located (L, R, EDM)

St.-Estèphe

A

Left Bank

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Q

Determine where the region is located (L, R, EDM)

St. Émilion

A

Right Bank

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Q

Determine where the region is located (L, R, EDM)

Pessac-Léognan

A

Left Bank

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Q

Determine where the region is located (L, R, EDM)

The Libournais

A

Right Bank

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Q

Determine where the region is located (L, R, EDM)

The Médoc

A

Left Bank

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Q

Determine where the region is located (L, R, EDM)

Pomerol

A

Right Bank

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Q

Determine where the region is located (L, R, EDM)

Castillon-Côtes de Bordeaux

A

Right Bank

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Q

Determine where the region is located (L, R, EDM)

Loupiac

A

Entre-Deux-Mers

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Q

What name is often used in the Pays Nantais for the Pinot Gris grape variety?

A

Malvoisie

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Q

What winemaking procedure is often used in the Pays Nantais to make the Melon de Bourgogne-based wines taste richer and more complex?

A

Sur lie aging

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Q

What is the main grape variety used in the red wines of Chinon?

A

Cabernet Franc

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Q

What is the main grape variety used in the red wines of Sancerre?

A

Pinot Noir

Q

What marketing term is often used for the sparkling wines of the Loire?

A

Fines Bulles

Q

Name the 4 Anjou wine appellations that are known for sweet white wines:

A

Coteaux du Layon
Bonnezeaux
Quarts-de-Chaume
Coteaux du Layon Premier Cru Chaume

Q

What wine is the first (and only) grand cru of the Loire?

A

Quarts-de-Chaume

Q

Put the following wines in order of typical sweetness, from driest to sweetest: Rosé d’Anjou, Cabernet d’Anjou, Rosé de Loire

A

Rosé de Loire (driest)
Rosé d’Anjou (off-dry)
Cabernet d’Anjou (slightly sweeter)

Q

What Loire Valley white wine is often called “the most cerebral wine in the world”?

A

Savennières

Q

What is another name for Pineau de Loire?

A

Chenin Blanc

Q

What grape variety goes by the name Côt?

A

Malbec

Q

What grape variety goes by the name Breton?

A

Cabernet Franc

Q

What are the three leading red wine appellations of Touraine?

A

Chinon, Bourgueil, St. Nicholas-de-Bourgueil

Q

Name the five main zones that make up the Champagne appellation:

A

Montagne de Reims
Vallée de la Marne
Côte des Blancs
Côte de Sézanne
Côte des Bar

Q

What is the name of the chalky soil that underlies much of the Côte des Bar?

A

Kimmeridgian Marl

Q

Name the three main grape varieties grown in the Champagne region:

A

Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier

Q

Name the four minor grape varieties grown in the Champagne region:

A

Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Petit Meslier, Arbane

Q

What term is used to describe the juice used in the highest-quality sparkling wines?

A

Cuvée

Q

What term is used to describe the juice (often used in Demi-sec and extra-dry sparkling wines) from the second set of pressings?

A

Taille

Q

What terms are used to describe the remaining juice that may be used to produce still wines or other products?

A

Rebêche

Q

What is the French term for vintage Champagne?

A

Millésime

Q

What term may be found on the label of a grower Champagne?

A

RM, or Recoltant-Manipulant

Q

What types of wine are produced in the Coteaux Champenois AOC?

A

Still wines in red, white, or rosé

Q

What AOC covers rosé wines produced in the far south end of the Champagne region?

A

Rosé des Riceys

Q

Alsace is located across the Rhine River from the German wine region of Baden and south of the Pfalz. (T/F)

A

True

Q

Alsace is primarily white grape territory, with Pinot Noir and Cabernet Franc being the only red grape varieties permitted in the AOC wines of the region. (T/F)

A

False

Q

There are four types of appellations in Alsace: Alsace AOC, Alsace Premier Cru AOC, Alsace Grand Cru AOC, and Crémant d’Alsace. (T/F)

A

False

Q

The Cleverer grape variety is allowed for use in Alsace AOC wines, but it may only be grown in selected areas. (T/F)

A

True

Q

Chasselas, Auxerrois, and Pinot Gris are all permitted grape varieties for use in Alsace AOC wines. (T/F)

A

True

Q

There are presently 65 grand cru vineyards in Alsace. (T/F)

A

False

Q

Gewürtztraminer, Muscat, Pinot Gris, and Riesling are considered to be the four “noble grapes” of Alsace. (T/F)

A

True

Q

The majority of the Alsace Grand Cru vineyards are located in the Bas-Rhin area. (T/F)

A

False

Q

Due to the rain shadow of Vosges Mountains, Alsace is one of the driest parts of France. (T/F)

A

True

Q

Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris and Pinot Blanc are all allowed to be grown in the Alsace AOC. (T/F)

A

True

Q

Crémant d’Alsace accounts for approximately 45% of all wine produced in Alsace. (T/F)

A

False

Q

Blended wines are not common in Alsace, but they are permitted to be labeled using the term Edelzwicker. (T/F)

A

True

Q

The term Gentil may be used on the label of a blended wine from Alsace provided the wine contains a minimum of 50% noble grape varieties. (T/F)

A

True

Q

A wine from Alsace labeled with the term Vendage Tardive must be produced as an ultra-sweet wine. (T/F)

A

False

Q

A Pinot d’Alsace wine may be produced using Pinot Noir grapes, but must be vinified as a white wine. (T/F)

A

True

Q

Number of acres in the Chablis Grand Cru vineyard

A

254

Q

Percentage of Côte de Nuits production that is Pinot Noir

A

90

Q

Approximate number of miles from Chablis to the Côte d’Or

A

80

Q

Number of grand cru vineyards in the Côte de Nuits

A

24

Q

Percentage of Burgundy’s annual output that is Chardonnay

A

60

Q

Number of sub-appellations in the (regional) Bourgogne AOC

A

14

Q

Number of grand cru vineyards in the Côte d’Or

A

32

Q

Total number of Burgundy grand cru vineyards

A

33

Q

Number of principal premier cru vineyards in Chablis

A

17

Q

Number of grand cru vineyards in the Côte de Beaune

A

8

Q

Number of hectares in the Chablis Grand Cru vineyard

A

103

Q

Approximate number of kilometers from Chablis to the Côte d’Or

A

129

Q

Number of grand cru vineyards in the Côte de Beaune that produce white wine only

A

7

Q

Minor red grape variety of Burgundy; grown primarily in the Mâconnais.

A

Gamay

Q

Area located in the northern end of the Côte d’Or.

A

Côte de Nuits

Q

Term used in Burgundy to refer to officially designated small plots of land.

A

Climat

Q

The largest communal AOC located in the Côte Chalonnaise.

A

Mercurey

Q

Commune appellation located in the Côte de Nuits.

A

Marsannay

Q

White grape variety used in the wines of the Bouzeron AOC.

A

Aligoté

Q

Area located on the southern end of the Côte d’Or.

A

Côte de Beaune

Q

Grape variety used in Pouilly-Fuissé and St.-Véran.

A

Chardonnay

Q

Highest ranking awarded designated vineyards in Burgundy.

A

Grand Cru

Q

Grand cru vineyard with over 80 individual owners.

A

Clos de Vougeot

Q

The only grand cru vineyard located in the Côte de Beaune that produces both red and white wine.

A

Corton

Q

The main grape variety of the Côte de Nuits.

A

Pinot Noir

Q

Second highest ranking awarded to designated vineyards in Burgundy.

A

Premier Cru

Q

Grand cru vineyard in the Côte de Beaune that produces white wine only.

A

Montrachet

Q

Grand cru vineyard located in the commune of Vosne-Romanée.

A

La Tâche

Q

Two grand cru vineyards are located in the Côte Chalonnaise. (T/F)

A

False

Q

Due to the influence of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Code, many vineyards in Burgundy have multiple owners. (T/F)

A

True

Q

The Mâconnais lies directly north of Beaujolais. (T/F)

A

True

Q

Only 10% of the total production of the Côte de Beaune is red wine. (T/F)

A

False

Q

The name of the commune is generally listed first on the label of a Burgundy Premier Cru. (T/F)

A

True

Q

The Mâcon-Villages AOC appellation is only designated for white wine. (T/F)

A

True

Q

Burgundy is larger in area and produces more wine than Bordeaux. (T/F)

A

False

Q

The weather in Chablis, with cold winters and cool summers, often makes it difficult to fully ripen grapes. (T/F)

A

True

Q

Burgundy grands crus often use the term “1er Cru” on the label. (T/F)

A

False

Q

Santenay is the largest communal AOC in the Côte Chalonnaise. (T/F)

A

False

Q

Négociant trade represents about three-quarters of Burgundy’s annual wine output. (T/F)

A

True

Q

Chardonnay is the only grape variety permitted to be used in Chablis. (T/F)

A

True

Q

All of the grand cru vineyards in the Côte de Nuits make red wine exclusively, with the exception of Musigny, which also produces a small amount of white. (T/F)

A

True

Q

Fourchaume is a well-known Chablis Premier Cru vineyard. (T/F)

A

True

Q

While primarily known for dry, still wines, Burgundy also produces a small amount of sparkling wine. (T/F)

A

True

Q

Sauvignon Blanc is not approved for use in any of the AOC wines of Burgundy. (T/F)

A

False

Q

For the Grand Cru vineyard, state the commune(s) in which it is located, and whether it produces red/white/both wine:
Montrachet

A

Puligny-Montrachet / Chassagne-Montrachet

White

Q

For the Grand Cru vineyard, state the commune(s) in which it is located, and whether it produces red/white/both wine:
La Grande Rue

A

Vosne-Romanée

Red

Q

For the Grand Cru vineyard, state the commune(s) in which it is located, and whether it produces red/white/both wine:
Bonnes Mares

A

Morey-St.-Denis / Chambolle-Musigny

Red

Q

For the Grand Cru vineyard, state the commune(s) in which it is located, and whether it produces red/white/both wine:
Romanée-Conti

A

Vosne-Romanée

Red

Q

For the Grand Cru vineyard, state the commune(s) in which it is located, and whether it produces red/white/both wine:
Clos de la Roche

A

Morey-St.-Denis

Red

Q

For the Grand Cru vineyard, state the commune(s) in which it is located, and whether it produces red/white/both wine:
Corton

A

Ladoix-Serrigny / Aloxe-Corton / Pernand-Vergelesses

Red & White

Q

For the Grand Cru vineyard, state the commune(s) in which it is located, and whether it produces red/white/both wine:
Musigny

A

Chambolle-Musigny

Red & White

Q

For the Grand Cru vineyard, state the commune(s) in which it is located, and whether it produces red/white/both wine:
Richebourg

A

Vosne-Romanée

Red

Q

For the Grand Cru vineyard, state the commune(s) in which it is located, and whether it produces red/white/both wine:
Échezeaux

A

Flagey-Échezeaux
(as there is no communal AOC, it is often listed under Vosne-Romanée)
Red

Q

For the Grand Cru vineyard, state the commune(s) in which it is located, and whether it produces red/white/both wine:
Corton-Charlemagne

A

Ladoix-Serrigny / Aloxe-Corton / Pernand-Vergelesses

White

Q

For the Grand Cru vineyard, state the commune(s) in which it is located, and whether it produces red/white/both wine:
Clos de Vougeot

A

Vougeot

Red

Q

For the Grand Cru vineyard, state the commune(s) in which it is located, and whether it produces red/white/both wine:
La Tâche

A

Vosne-Romanée

Red

Q

For the Grand Cru vineyard, state the commune(s) in which it is located, and whether it produces red/white/both wine:
Chambertin

A

Gevrey-Chambertin

Red

Q

The northern portion of the Beaujolais AOC is known for its _____ soils, which have proven ideal for the _____ grape variety.

A

Granite, Gamay

Q

The Beaujolais AOC is located to the west of the _____ River.

A

Saône

Q

Some styles of Beaujolais have bright red and tropical fruit flavors, which may be the result of the _____ fermentation process that is often used in the region.

A

Carbonic Maceration

Q

Beaujolais Nouveau is released every year on the third _____ of _____.

A

Thursday, November

Q

The boundaries of the Beaujolais region actually overlap slightly with those of the _____ region.

A

Mâconnais