Unit 3 Flashcards
Expansion Diffusion
the spread of a feature from one place to another
Cultural Hearth
the location where a specific culture first arose
Nomadic Warrior vs Sedentary Farmer Theory
Nomadic Warrior suggests that Kurgans migrated by means of military superiority and the Sedentary Farmer Theory describes much earlier people that diffused into Europe and South Asia also with agricultural practices
Folk Culture
a small culture that incorporates a homogeneous population; typically rural
Pop Culture
culture found in large societies that share habits despite different personal characteristics
Imperialism
extending a country’s power or influence through diplomacy or force
Cultural Relativism
not judging a culture to our own standards of what is right or wrong
Stimulus Diffusion
when an ides diffuses from its cultural hearth outward, but the original idea is changed by the new adopters
Acculturation
adopting the traits of another culture while also preserving your original culture
Culture
beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific groups of people
Ethnocentrism
belief in the superiority of one’s nations or ethnic group
Language
a set of sounds and symbols used for communication
Contagious Diffusion
idea spreads from person to person or adjacent places
Creole or Creolized Language
a language that began as a pidgin language but was later adopted as the mother tongue
Globalization
growth to a global or worldwide scale
Language Extinction
the point at which a language no longer has any active speakers
Ethnic Religion
a religion that is particular to one culturally distinct group of people
Assimilation
the process of making minority cultures adopt the dominant culture and abandon their own culture
Material Culture
the physical things created by members of a society
Taboo
behaviors heavily discouraged by a culture
Sense of Place
a feeling of comfort or safety made by the emotions and memories attached to a place
Hierarchical Diffusion
idea spreads from one key person or place to people or places with less authority or influence
Lingua Franca
a language used among speakers of different languages for the purpose of trade and commerce
Cultural Divergence
the restriction or isolation of a culture due to outside influences
Dialect
a variant of a standard language along regional or ethnic lines made of differences in vocab, syntax, pronunciation, cadence, and pace
Universalizing Religion
a religion that attempts to appeal to all people not just those living in a particular location
Multiculturalism
the presence of several distinct cultures in a society
Nonmaterial Culture
values, beliefs, behaviors, and social norms of a specific culture
Cultural Landscape
the visible imprint of human activity on the landscape
Relocation Diffusion
the spread of a feature or trend through he bodily movement of people from one place to another
Reverse Hierarchical Diffusion
when a trait diffuses from lower class to higher class
Colonialism
an attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principals in another territory
Cultural Convergence
when cultures become more alike share technology and other spaces
Language Family
largest group of related languages which are connected through a common ancient ancestry
Pilgrimage
a journey to a place considered sacred for religious purposes
Syncretism
the blending of beliefs and practices from different religions into one faith
