Unit 3 Exploring First Century Judaism and the Historical Jesus Flashcards
Who was the roman empire ruled by?
Augustus (Cesar)
How many did Augustus rule?
70 million
Benefits of the roman empire
during a period of peace; “fair” and “just” legal system; strong military
Who was king Herold?
Jewish leader; ruled Judea
How was king Herold perceived?
wasn’t well liked by Jews as he catered to Rome
most important piece of judean culture
family
honor/shame value system
+ doing the right thing does honor to your family
- doing the wrong thing brings shame to entire family
4 sects of Judaism
Pharisees
Sadducees
Essenes
Zealot
Pharisees
strict observers of jewish law; black/white
Sadducees
wealthy + politically influential emphasized importance of temple worship
Essenes
isolated communities with simple lifestyles (saw themselves as sinful)
Zealot
political group AGAINST ROME
other key players in judaism
chief priests
scribes
Sanhedrin
chief priests
led religious services/sacrifices
benefited from roman rule
scribes
scholars, teachers, often worked with pharisees
Sanhedrin
supreme legislative+ judicial body
what is a synagogue?
jewish house of prayer
synagogue was used as a…
place for legal settlements, school
religious role of women
led prayer at home
family role of women
had domestic tasks like taking care of kids, making food/clothes, etc
public relations role of women
where married young in arranged or status based marriages; not allowed to interact with other men outside of home
role of men
husbands/fathers, wage earners, decision makers
Historical Jesus
Jesus was a real person who walked the earth
Christ of Faith
Jesus as the Messiah
why do we differentiate Christ of Faith and Historical Jesus?
Nearly every faith believes that Jesus existed BUT as Catholics we also believe the Christ of Faith
What do most scholars agree about Jesus?
baptized by John the Baptist
crucified under poncious pilot
existed historically
What do most scholars disagree about Jesus?
reliability of the gospels
how closely Jesus portrayed in the bible reflects the Historical Jesus
historical and cultural contexts in which he lives
Where did Historical Jesus live?
Middle east
Now Israel/then Judea
Why did Judea get renamed back to Israel after Roman ruled it as Judea?
The holocaust caused Jewish people to come back
Birth of Jesus
Mary and Joseph traveled from Nazareth to to Josephs homeland Bethlehem because a census was called; there he was born
The Presentation of Jesus in the Temple
40 days after his birth they returned home and he was consecrated to God at the Temple
Prophet Simon prophesized Mary would experience great pain
The Flight into Egypt
King Herold felt threatened
Ordered all Jewish boys under 2 be killed
Mary and Joseph fled to Egypt to escape
The Hidden Life of Jesus
Herold died and they returned to Nazareth
Jesus grows and learns Josephs trade in carpentry
Jesus is lost in the Temple
when 12 after traveling for Passover Mary and Joseph loose Jesus
Jesus was lost for 3 days
He was found talking and teaching with the scribes
compare + contrast Israel from modern day life
Israel: had patriarchal homes, society was religious based, normally used oral tradition, no electricity
Modern: both mother and father take care of the home and are equal, we live under a free religion society, have technology and written tradition
At least 2 reasons we know Jesus was a real person
Many other sources apart from the bible and other catholic texts state that he was a real person.
1. Historians of multiple backgrounds like Jewish and Rome have written mentions of him
2. Physical evidence of him today like relics
3. Many texts like the Talmud, a Jewish source, mention him
