Unit 3 Cycles and Patterns of Earth and the Moon

Question 1

The long-term average weather conditions that occur in a particular region.

Answer 1

climate

Question 2

The removal of large areas of forests for human purposes.

Answer 2

Deforestation

Question 3

A period of below-average precipitation.

Answer 3

Drought

Question 4

The combined ocean and atmospheric cycle that results in weakened trade winds across the Pacific Ocean.

Answer 4

El Nino/Southern Oscillation

Question 5

A set of complex equations used to predict future climates.

Answer 5

Global climate model

Question 6

An increase in the average temperature of Earth’s surface.

Answer 6

Global warming

Question 7

A gas in the atmosphere that absorbs Earth’s outgoing infrared radiation.

Answer 7

Greenhouse gas

Question 8

A period of time when a large portion of Earth’s surface is covered by glaciers.

Answer 8

Ice Age

Question 9

A warm period that occurs during an ice age.

Answer 9

Interglacial

Question 10

A narrow band of high winds located near the top of the troposphere.

Answer 10

Jet stream

Question 11

A localized climate that is different from the climate of the larger area surrounding it.

Answer 11

Microclimate

Question 12

A wind circulation pattern that changes direction with the seasons.

Answer 12

Monsoon

Question 13

An area of low rainfall on the downwind slope of a mountain.

Answer 13

Rain shadow

Question 14

A measure of the mass of dissolved salts in a mass of water.

Answer 14

Salinity

Question 15

The amount of thermal energy (joules) needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of material 1º C.

Answer 15

Specific heat

Question 16

The detailed mapping or charting of the features of a relatively small area, district, or locality.

Answer 16

Topography

Question 17

The state or quality of being dense; compactness; closely set or crowded condition.

Answer 17

Density

Question 18

A _____ is an area of low rainfall on the downwind slope of a mountain.

Answer 18

Rain shadow

Question 19

Forests often have their own _____, with cooler temperatures than the surrounding countryside.

Answer 19

Microclimate

Question 20

The lower _____ of land causes it to warm up faster than water.

Answer 20

Specific Heat

Question 21

A wind circulation pattern that changes direction with the seasons is a

Answer 21

Coriolis Effect

Question 22

A ____ such as carbon dioxide absorbs Earth’s infrared radiations and warms the atmosphere.

Answer 22

Greenhouse Gas

Question 23

The specific heat of water is \_\_\_\_\_ than the specific heat of land.
higher 
lower
less efficient
more efficient

Answer 23

XXXX

Question 24

Which are warm periods during or between ice ages?
ENSO
interglacials
monsoons
pacific oscillations

Answer 24

XXXX

Question 25

``` A rain shadow is created by which factor that affects climate? a large body of water buildings and concrete latitude mountains ```

Answer 25

XXXX

Question 26

``` During which even do trade winds weaken and the usual pattern of pressure across the Pacific Ocean reverses? Drought El Nino/Southern Oscillation event North Atlantic Oscillation event Volcanic eruption ```

Answer 26

XXXX

Question 27

``` Which is not a greenhouse gas? carbon dioxide methane oxygen water vapor ```

Answer 27

XXXX

Question 28

``` Which cools the climate by preventing sunlight from reaching Earth's surface? aerosols greenhouse gases lakes water vapor molecules ```

Answer 28

XXXX

Question 29

``` Which action can reduce greenhouse gas emissions? building houses on permafrost burning fossil fuels cutting down forests driving a hybrid vehicle ```

Answer 29

XXXX

Question 30

Which is a drawback of a global climate model? Its accuracy is nearly impossible to evaluate. Its calculations are limited to specific regions. Its predictions are short-term only. Its results are difficult to interpret.

Answer 30

XXXX

Question 31

``` The difference in air temperature between a city and the surrounding rural area is an example of a(n) inversion microclimate seasonal variation weather system ```

Answer 31

XXXX

Question 32

``` Which does NOT help explain climate differences? altitude latitude oceans organisms ```

Answer 32

XXXX

Question 33

``` What is the primary cause of seasonal changes on Earth? Earth's distance from the Sun Earth's ocean currents Earth's prevailing winds Earth's tilt on its axis ```

Answer 33

XXXX

Question 34

``` Climate is the _____average weather conditions that occur in a particular region. Which complete the definition of climate? global long-term mid-latitude seasonal ```

Answer 34

XXXX

Question 35

``` Which climate typically has warm summers, cold winters, and moderate precipitation? continental dry polar tropical ```

Answer 35

XXXX

Question 36

``` Which characterizes interglacials? earthquakes monsoons precipitation warmth ```

Answer 36

XXXX

Question 37

A geographic area on Earth that contains ecosystems with similar biotic and abiotic features.

Answer 37

Biome