unit 3 content Flashcards
When is a polar covalent bond likely to form between two atoms?
When they differ in electronegativity
What type of bond are acids?
Covalent, though their names are derived from the anion formed when it ionizes
Which type of compound tends to have higher melting and boiling points and why?
Ionic compounds because the strong force of attraction between oppositely charged ions
Why can ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water?
Because ionic compounds dissolve into ions, which carry a charge. Covalent bonds dissolve into molecules.
What is an empirical formula?
The simplest version of a formula
What are the three main properties of covalent compounds?
- Not good conductors of electricity
- Mostly liquids and gasses at room temperature
- Low melting and boiling point
What defines a linear shaped molecule? What is its charge?
Connected in a straight line with NO unshared pairs on the central atom. It is polar (AX) if it is uneven and nonpolar (AX2) if it is even.
What defines a trigonal planar shaped molecule? What is its charge?
Triangular flat shape with NO unshared pairs on the central atom. It is nonpolar.
What defines a tetrahedral shaped molecule? What is its charge?
Shape of a tetrahedron with NO unshared pairs on the central atom. It is nonpolar.
What defines a pyramidal shaped molecule? What is its charge?
Central atom bonded to three other atoms with ONE unshared pair on the central atom. It is polar.
What defines a bent molecule? What is its charge?
2 single bonds and TWO unshared pairs on the central atom. It is polar.
