Unit 3 - Cellular Processes for Energy

Question 1

a substance that decreases activation energy and increases reaction rate in a chemical reaction

Answer 1

Catalyst

Question 2

protein that catalyzes chemical reactions for organisms

Answer 2

Enzyme

Question 3

reactant in a chemical reaction upon which an enzyme acts.

Answer 3

Substrate

Question 4

a process by which ATP is synthesized by using chemicals as an energy source instead of light.

Answer 4

Chemosynthesis

Question 5

the process of producing ATP by breaking down carbon-based molecules when oxygen is present

Answer 5

Cellular respiration

Question 6

the process by which light energy is converted to chemical energy; produces sugar and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water

Answer 6

Photosynthesis

Question 7

light-absorbing pigment molecule in photo synthetic organisms

Answer 7

Chlorophyll

Question 8

membrane-bound structure within chloroplasts that contains chlorophyll and other light-absorbing pigments used in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

Answer 8

Thylakoid

Question 9

an aerobic process in which glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate and two net ATP are produced.

Answer 9

Glycolysis

Question 10

process that requires oxygen to occur

Answer 10

Aerobic

Question 11

process that does not require oxygen to occur

Answer 11

Anaerobic

Question 12

anaerobic process by which ATP is produces by glycolysis.

Answer 12

Fermentation

Question 13

product of fermentation in many types of cells, including human muscle cells

Answer 13

Lactic Acid

Question 14

process by which substances change into different substances through the breaking and forming of chemical bonds

Answer 14

Chemical Reaction

Question 15

energy input necessary to initiate a chemical reaction

Answer 15

Activation Energy

Question 16

the chemical reaction that requires a net input of energy

Answer 16

Endothermic reaction

Question 17

chemical reaction that yields a net release of energy in the for of heat

Answer 17

Exothermic reaction

Question 18

a high-energy molecule that contains, within its bonds, energy that cells can use.

Answer 18

ATP (Adenosine Tri-Phosphate)

Question 19

low energy molecule that can be converted into ATP.

Answer 19

ADP (Adenosine Di-Phosphate)

Question 20

the origin or place where something began

Answer 20

Source

Question 21

to communicate or show

Answer 21

Convey

Question 22

air/oxygen

Answer 22

aero

Question 23

not

Answer 23

a/an