Unit 3 - Cellular Processes for Energy Flashcards
a substance that decreases activation energy and increases reaction rate in a chemical reaction
Catalyst
protein that catalyzes chemical reactions for organisms
Enzyme
reactant in a chemical reaction upon which an enzyme acts.
Substrate
a process by which ATP is synthesized by using chemicals as an energy source instead of light.
Chemosynthesis
the process of producing ATP by breaking down carbon-based molecules when oxygen is present
Cellular respiration
the process by which light energy is converted to chemical energy; produces sugar and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water
Photosynthesis
light-absorbing pigment molecule in photo synthetic organisms
Chlorophyll
membrane-bound structure within chloroplasts that contains chlorophyll and other light-absorbing pigments used in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
Thylakoid
an aerobic process in which glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate and two net ATP are produced.
Glycolysis
process that requires oxygen to occur
Aerobic
process that does not require oxygen to occur
Anaerobic
anaerobic process by which ATP is produces by glycolysis.
Fermentation
product of fermentation in many types of cells, including human muscle cells
Lactic Acid
process by which substances change into different substances through the breaking and forming of chemical bonds
Chemical Reaction
energy input necessary to initiate a chemical reaction
Activation Energy
the chemical reaction that requires a net input of energy
Endothermic reaction
chemical reaction that yields a net release of energy in the for of heat
Exothermic reaction
a high-energy molecule that contains, within its bonds, energy that cells can use.
ATP (Adenosine Tri-Phosphate)
low energy molecule that can be converted into ATP.
ADP (Adenosine Di-Phosphate)
the origin or place where something began
Source
to communicate or show
Convey
air/oxygen
aero
not
a/an
