Unit 3 Cells Flashcards
Robert Hooke
Cork Slice, looks like tine rooms, invented a microscope
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
made simple microscopes , discovered microorganisms
Matthias Schleiden
German Botanist that concluded that all animals were composed of cells
Theodore Schwann
A German Zoologist that concluded that all animal were composed of cells
Virchow
noted that cells could only arise from preexisting cells
cell theory
- all living things are composed of cells
- cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things
- new cells are produced from existing cells
heterotrophs
consumers, make their own food, they get food by consuming other living organisms
autotrophs
make their own food and do not depend on outside sources for their food
all living organisms…
perform chemical reactions, change over time/evolve, respond to their environment, reproduce, maintain a stable internal environment in a process called homeostasis, and share a common history
ingestion
the taking in of food and water
digestion
breaking down food into small molecules that can be used by the cell
cyclosis
the movement of materials inside a cell
respiration
breaking down into simpler substances and releasing the stored energy in a form the cell can use
biosynthesis
using the energy from foods to form new cell parts, as in growth and repair
excretion
the removal of liquid waste from a cell
egestion
the removal of solid waste from the cell
reproduction
may be sexual or asexual
irritability
responding to a stimulus
secretions
a substance made in one place, but used in another place
cell membrane
separates the internal chemical reactions of the cell from the external environment, separates one cell from the next, regulates the passage of materials into and out of the cell by allowing only certain molecules to enter and leave
what is another name for the cell membrane?
plasma membrane
what is the cell membrane mostly made of?
lipids and proteins
nucleus
the control center of the cell, contains the cell’s DNA, the site where DNA is transcribed into RNA
what is the nucleus filled with?
nucleoplasm
nucleoplasm
jellylike liquid similar to the cell’s cytoplasm
what is the nucleus surrounded by?
a nuclear membrane
nuclear membrane
a double membrane that is dotted with thousands of pores that allow materials to move into and out of the nucleus.
chromatin
the cell is not dividing, the DNA is in the form of a threadlike material
chromosomes
the cell is actively dividing, the chromosome condenses to form them
