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Health > Unit 3 Cardiovascular disease > Flashcards

Unit 3 Cardiovascular disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is the #1 killer in the US?

A

Cardiovascular Disease

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2
Q

What is a Chronic disease?

A

a disease that lasts for a long time or can persist throughout your life

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3
Q

Functions of cardiovascular system include

A

Delivering materials
Removing wastes
Fighting diseases

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4
Q

How many chambers of the heart are there and what are they?

A

Four Chambers
Two upper chambers - atria (receives blood)
Left and right atriums
Two lower chambers - ventricles (distributes blood)
Left and right ventricles

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5
Q

Risk factors of cardiovascular disease include..

A 
Age
Smoking
Ethnicity
Exercise
Healthy diet
Gender
Healthy weight
Manage stress
Heredity
Drinking
(HAGSEEDHMH)
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6
Q

Name the kinds of chronic diseases

A 
Hypertension
Atherosclerosis
Heart attack 
Arrhythmia
Congestive heart failure 
Stroke 
(SCHAHA)
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7
Q

Hypertension

A
  • high blood pressure of 140/90
  • high blood pressure over time can lead to heart disease
  • Controlled with medications
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8
Q

Sphygmomanometer

A

Instrument used to measure blood pressure

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9
Q

Atherosclerosis

A
  • Fat buildup (plaque) forms in the arteries
  • The artery walls harden
  • Can lead to coronary heart disease
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10
Q

Angina pectoris

A

Chest pains that occur when an area of the heart does not get enough oxygen-rich blood

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11
Q

Heart attack

A
  • Clot blocks blood to the heart
  • No blood supply to the tissues in the heart
  • Tissue dies
  • The more tissue that dies the more severe heart attack
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12
Q

Risk factors of heart attack

A

hypertension
high cholesterol
no exercise
smoking

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13
Q

Arrhythmia

A
  • Irregular heartbeats
  • It could be a side effect of a heart attack/develop spontaneously
  • Medications / artificial pacemaker
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14
Q

Fibrillation

A

Life threatening arrhythmia

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15
Q

Congestive heart failure

A

-A weakness in the heart that leads to a buildup of fluid in the lungs and surrounding body tissues

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16
Q

Stroke

A
  • Blockage of blood flow to the brain
  • Paralyzed on one side of the body (one side of face sags, can lift right arm and can’t lift left arm)
  • Brain damage
  • Paralysis on one side of the body
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17
Q

Brain damage results in

A

Problems with senses, speech, comprehension, behavior, thought patterns, and memory

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18
Q

What fraction of stroke cases result in death?

A

One third of stroke cases result in death

19
Q

Pacemaker

A
  • Regulates the heart muscle contractions

- A small group of cells in the wall of the right atrium

20
Q

Valves

A

Flap of tissue which allow blood to flow in one direction only

21
Q

Blood types and what they receive from

A 
A
Receive from A and O
B
Receive B and O
AB
Receive A, B, AB, and O
O
Receive O
22
Q

Treating Cardiovascular disease

A

-MRI
-ECG (electrocardiogram)
-Echocardiogram
-Arteriography
-Balloon angioplasty
-Coronary bypass surgery
-Artificial pacemaker
-Heart transplant
(BECAMEHA)

23
Q

Arteriograph

A

A flexible tube is threaded through an artery in an arm or leg until it reaches the heart. A dye is then released into the coronary arteries, and x rays are taken. The x rays can reveal blockages.

24
Q

MRI

A

Magnetic Energy is used to produce a clear image of the heart. Doctors can use this to analyze the image for heart damage.

25
Q

Electrodiagram

A

Electrodes attached to the skin detect the hearts electrical activity. Abnormalities in heart rhythm or other heart problems are revealed in the record pattern.

26
Q

Echodiagram

A

A device that generates sound waves is placed against the chest. The sound waves create a moving picture of the heart. A doctor can evaluate the hearts valves and chambers from the picture.

27
Q

What does MRI stand for?

A

Magnetic resonance imaging

28
Q

Balloon angioplasty

A

A thin tube with an expandable tip is guided into a coronary artery. As the tip is inflated, it flattens fatty deposits in the artery wall, improving blood flow. Metal structures called stents are sometimes inserted to keep the artery open.

29
Q

Coronary bypass surgery

A

Surgeons use a vein from the patients leg or an artificial blood vessel to construct a detour around a blocked coronary artery. This procedure creates an alternate route for blood flow.

30
Q

Artificial pacemaker

A

Artificial pacemaker is a small, battery-operated device that is surgically implanted in the chest. It produced electrical impulses that regulate the heartbeat.

31
Q

Normal blood pressure

A

Systolic 120 or less over diastolic 80 or less

120/80

32
Q

Pre high blood pressure

A

Systolic 121-139 over diastolic btw 81-89

121-139/81-89

33
Q

Can cardiovascular diseases be cured?

A

No but can be controlled or can help prevent from getting worse

34
Q

Cerebral Hemorrhage

A

If the burst of an artery occurs in the cerebrum the stroke is called cerebral hemorrhage

35
Q

Cerebrum

A

Main portion of the brain

36
Q

Some causes of a stroke are

A

could be cause by atherosclerosis, blood clot, or when a weakened artery in the brain bursts - Flooding the area with blood

37
Q

Aneurism

A

Is a blood filled weak spot that balloons out from the artery wall

38
Q

Without a supply of blood brain cells soon……

A

Die from lack of oxygen

39
Q

The effects of a stroke depend on

A

its location and severity

40
Q

Risks of cardiovascular disease that you cannot control

A

Heredity, ethnicity, gender, age

41
Q

Risks of cardiovascular disease that you can control

A
  • maintain a healthy weight
  • eat a healthy diet
  • be physically active
  • manage stress
  • monitor your blood pressure
  • avoid smoking and drinking
42
Q

What are hypertensions symptoms?

A
  • No symptoms/silent killer

- Measure your blood pressure to see if you have hypertension

43
Q

Coronary heart disease

A

arteries to the heart become narrow

44
Q

Congestive heart failure symptoms

A
  • Heart swells
  • Atherosclerosis/high blood pressure
  • Swollen feet and lower legs

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