Unit 3 AOS1- Variations In Health Status

Question 1

Sociocultural factors that influence health status

Answer 1

• SES (income,occupation,education)
• Unemployment
• Social connections and social exclusion
• Social Isolation
• Cultural Norms
• Food Security
• Early Life experiences
• Access to healthcare

Question 2

Biological factors that impact Health Status

Answer 2

• Body weight
• Blood pressure
• Blood cholesterol
• Glucose regulation
• Birth weight
• Genetics including sex and hormones

Question 3

Environmental factors that influence health status

Answer 3

• Housing
• Work environment
• Urban Design and infrastructure
• Climate and climate change

Question 4

Differences in Health Status between indigenous and non-indigenous

Answer 4

Differences in Health Status
⬇️Indigenous

• Life expectancy around 10 years less
• Higher mortality rates in each age group
• Higher rates of STIs
• Injury death rate 3x higher

Reasons the differences exist

BIOLOGICAL reasons

• High BMI
• Hypertension
• Low birth Wright

SOCIOCULTURAL reasons

• Low SES
• High rates of unemployment
• Lower levels of health literacy
• High rates of food insecurity
• lack of access to culturally appropriate healthcare

ENVIRONMENTAL reasons

• Poorer quality and overcrowded housing
• Poorer infrastructure, including poorer road quality
• Poorer quality water and sanitation systems
• lack of access to healthcare facilities

Question 5

Diffenrces in health status between males and females

Answer 5

Differences in health status ⬇️males

• life expectancy around 4 years less
• Higher rates of burden of disease
• Higher chance of death at each stage of the life span
• Higher rates of injury
• Higher rates of death to suicide,road trauma, violence

Reasons the differences exist

BIOLOGICAL reasons

• Higher BMI
• Higher rates of hypertension
• genetics including sex and hormones

SOCIOCULTURAL reasons

• Impacts of unemployment
• Cultural influences and gender stereotype

ENVIRONMENTAL reasons
-Males often work in more dangerous environments

Question 6

Differences in Health Status between High and Low SES

Answer 6

Differences in Health Status
⬇️SES

• life expectancy about 3 years less for the most disadvantaged
• Higher mortality rates
• More avoidable deaths
• Higher infant mortality rates
• Higher rates of disability
• Higher rates of morality from injury’s

Reasons the differences exists

BIOLOGICAL reasons

• Higher obesity rates
• Higher rates of hypertension
• Higher rates of low birth weight babies

SOCIOCULTURAL reasons

• lower incomes,education levels and status occupations
• Lower levels of health literacy
• more likely to be unemployed

ENVIRONMENTAL reasons

• poor quality housing
• more dangerous work environments
• Poorer quality public open spaces
• Greater exposure to environmental tobacco smoke

Question 7

Differences in health status - Within our outside major cities

Answer 7

⬇️outside major cities

• Lower life expectancy(decreases as level of remoteness 1-2 years less for rural and up to 7 for remote)
• Higher mortality rates
• Higher rates of mental health issue
• Higher rates of avoidable deaths, including to injury or suicide

BIOLOGICAL reasons

• Higher rates of high BMI
• High Blood cholesterol
• Higher rates of hypertension
• Higher rates of low birth weight babies

SOCIOCULTURAL reasons

• Lower incomes
• Lower access to education
• Higher rates of food insecurity
• Fewer health professionals

ENVIRONMENTAL reason

• poorer road quality
• poorer lit roads
• more dangerous work environments
• greater driving distances