Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Unit 3/4: Physical Education > Unit 3 AOS1 (PT1) - Skill development > Flashcards

Unit 3 AOS1 (PT1) - Skill development Flashcards

1
Q

What is a skill?

A

A skill can be defined as the ability to do something well.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a gross skill?

A

Involves the recruitment of large muscle groups.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is an example of a gross skill?

A

A weight lifter would use biceps and triceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a fine skill?

A

Involves the recruitment of smaller muscles associated with movements requiring precision.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is an example of a fine skill?

A

An archer uses muscles in the fingers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is discrete motor skills?

A

Have an obvious beginning and end.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Example of discrete motor skill?

A

Doing a free throw.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is serial motor skills?

A

The combination of discrete skills performed in a sequence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Example of serial motor skill?

A

Triple jump

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is continuous motor skill?

A

Have no definite beginning or end point.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Example of continuous motor skill?

A

Walking forwards.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a closed motor skill?

A

Are skills where the performer has the greatest control over the performance environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Example of closed motor skill and why?

A

Discus throwing is an example because the environment is predictable and stable and the activity is self paced.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an open motor skill?

A

Are skills that are performed in a less predictable environment. The conditions are constantly changing and the performer has limited, if an, control over their environment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Example of open motor skill and why?

A

Surfing is an open motor skill because the environment is unstable and unpredictable and the movement is adapted to the environment. It is also externally paced.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the three fundamental motor skills?

A

Stability skills, locomotor skills and manipulative skills.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are stability skills?

A

Skills that involve balance and control over the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are 3 examples of stability skills?

A

Balancing, turning and extending.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are locomotor skills?

A

Skills that enable us to move through space.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

3 examples of locomotor skills?

A

Walking, jumping and hopping.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are manipulative skills?

A

Skills that involve control of an object.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

3 examples of manipulative skills?

A

Throwing, kicking, dribbling.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the three stages of learning?

A

Cognitive (beginner), associative (intermediate) and autonomous (advanced).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are some characteristics of the cognitive stage?

A
  • The performer has an idea of what needs to be obtained.
  • Errors are made but performer doesn’t know how to correct them.
  • Rate of improvement is rapid.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are some characteristics of the associative stage?

A
  • Movement patterns begin being fined, tuned and refined.
  • Performance becomes more consistent and errors occur less frequently
  • Rate or improvement slows so does rate of errors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are some characteristics of the autonomous stage?

A
  • Movements become “automatic”
  • Attention shift to external factors such as opponent moves
  • Errors are quickly self-corrected.
27
Q

What is massed practice?

A

Involves long training sessions thats occur less frequently.

28
Q

What is distributed practice?

A

Involves frequent and short training sessions.

29
Q

Advantages of massed practice sessions?

A
  • Maximises practice time
  • May suit an elite performer.
30
Q

Advantages of distributed practice sessions?

A
  • Greater learner engagement
  • More time for feedback.
31
Q

Disadvantages of masses practice sessions?

A

Physically and mentally fatiguing

32
Q

Disadvantages of distributed practice sessions?

A

More time-consuming

33
Q

What is blocked practice?

A

Involves practising the same skill repeatedly without changing to another task.

34
Q

What is random practice?

A

Uses varied sequencing of motor skills in the same session.

35
Q

What is internal feedback?

A

Occurs when the performer’s own senses = visual, auditory, proprioception and touch are used.

36
Q

Two types of external feedback?

A

Knowledge of results [KOR]
Knowledge of performance [KOP]

37
Q

What is knowledge of results?

A

Specific feedback on the outcome of a task.

38
Q

What is knowledge of performance?

A

Focuses on the characteristics of performance (technique) not just outcome.

39
Q

Three main aims of external feedback?

A
  • Fix errors
  • Motivate continued improvement
  • Reinforce correct processes
40
Q

What is qualitative movement analysis (QMA)?

A

How we assess the human movement technique.

41
Q

What can QMA be used to do?

A
  • Identify strengths and weaknesses of individuals or teams
  • Obtain a final result or rank in competition
  • Talent identification and team selection
  • Predict future performance results.
42
Q

What are the four main principles?

A
  • Preparation
  • Observation
  • Evaluation
  • Error correction
43
Q

Preparation

A

Determine what (one simple aspect for cognitive stage learners), how (watch/video/app/lab) and why (technique/injury) things are being analysed.

44
Q

What is the main step of preparation?

A

Determine the specific purpose of the analysis.

45
Q

What is observation?

A

Can look at recorded or live performances or both.

46
Q

What are factors that can influence observation?

A
  • Accumulation of experience
  • Knowledge of the game and the skills required
  • Academic training
47
Q

What are a range of variables that can be observed?

A
  • Global team dynamics
  • Behaviour of the opposing coach
  • Completion of set plays according to game plan
48
Q

Evaluation - What is reliability? (most important)

A

The ability of a test to reproduce similar results when conducted in identical/similar conditions, contexts and situations.

49
Q

Evaluation - What is validity?

A

The test’s capacity to measure what it is intended for.

50
Q

Evaluation

A

Judge the quality of performance and identify what the problems are, how they’re being caused and find a solution to the problem.

51
Q

Inter related reliability

A

Between judges - multiple judges have inconsistencies amongst their scoring of the same performance.

52
Q

Intra related reliability

A

Within a judge - one judge gives different scores for the same performance.

53
Q

Error correction

A

Strategies implemented to develop the identified weaknesses.

54
Q

Intervention during the micro-cycle of training

A
  • Visual strategies
  • Adaption of training exercise in practice.
55
Q

Intervention during the game

A
  • Discussing at half time
  • Providing immediate feedback
  • Targeting individual players.
56
Q

What is direct coaching?

A

Requires the coach to make all the decisions relating to:
- Task selection
- Timing of when tasks are to be performed.
- Duration of time spent on practice tasks.

57
Q

What is constraints-based coaching?

A

Boundaries that shape a learner’s self organising movement patterns, cognitions and decision-making processes.

58
Q

What are the three constraints?

A

Task, Individual and Environment

59
Q

Three constraints of individuals?

A
  • Height/weight
  • Decision making
  • Motivation
60
Q

Three constraints of environmental?

A
  • Playing surface
  • Climate
  • Stadium lighting
61
Q

Three constraints of task?

A
  • Equipment used
  • Rules of the sport
  • Dimensions of the field.
62
Q

What are sociocultural influences?

A
  • Family
  • Peers
  • Community
  • Gender
  • Cultural beliefs
  • Socioeconomic status.
63
Q

What are the 3 P’s?

A

(PPP’s)
- Parent
- Peers
- Price.

Unit 3/4: Physical Education (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions