UNIT 3: AOS1 Measuring Health & Australias Health

Question 1

Health

Answer 1

‘A state of complete physical, social and mental wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Question 2

Health Status

Answer 2

An individual’s or a population’s overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors.’

Question 3

Physical Health

Answer 3

Relates to the efficient functioning of the body and its systems, and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness.

Question 4

Social Health

Answer 4

Being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both an independent and cooperative way.

Question 5

Mental Health

Answer 5

State of wellbeing in which the individual realises his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community.’

Question 6

Life Expectancy

Answer 6

An indication of how long a person can expect to live, it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change.’

Question 7

Health Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE)

Answer 7

A measure of burden of disease, based on life expectancy at birth, but including an adjustment for time spent in poor health. It is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live based on current rates of ill health and mortality.

Question 8

Mortality

Answer 8

The number of deaths caused by a particular disease, illness or other environmental factor

Question 9

Under 5 Mortality Rate (U5MR)

Answer 9

The number of deaths of children under five years of age per 1000 live births

Question 10

Morbidity

Answer 10

Refers to ill health in an individual and the levels of ill health in a population or group.’

Question 11

BOD - Burden Of Disease

Answer 11

A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries.Specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called the DALY.

Question 12

DALYS - Disability Adjusted Life Years

Answer 12

A measure of burden of disease – one DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time
lived with illness, disease or injury.

Question 13

Years of Life Lost (YLL)

Answer 13

The fatal burden of disease of a population, defined as the years of life lost due to death.

Question 14

Years Lost due to

Disability (YLD)

Answer 14

The non-fatal component of the disease burden and is a measurement of the healthy years lost due to diseases or injuries.

Question 15

Incidence

Answer 15

The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specific time.

Question 16

Prevalence

Answer 16

‘The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given
time.’

Question 17

Determinants of Health

Answer 17

‘Factors that raise or lower a level of health in a population or individual. Determinants of health help to explain or predict trends in health and why some groups have better or worse health than others

Question 18

Physical Enviro

Answer 18

The physical surroundings in which we live, work and play. The physical environment includes water and air, workplaces, housing, roads, nature, schools, recreation settings and exposure to hazards.

Question 19

Biological Determinants

Answer 19

Factors relating to the body that impact on health, such as genetics, hormones, body weight, blood pressure, cholesterol levels.

Question 20

Behavioural Determinants

Answer 20

Actions or patterns of living of an individual or a group that impact on health, such as smoking, sexual activity, participation in physical activity, and eating practices.

Question 21

Social Determinants

Answer 21

Aspects of society and the social environment that impact on health, such as poverty, early life experiences, social networks and support.